激光冲击改善W6Mo5Cr4V2(M2)高速钢刀具材料耐磨性的研究  

Abrasion Resistance Improvement of W6Mo5Cr4V2(M2) High-speed-steel Cutter Materials by Laser Shock Processing

作　　者：吴健[1] 周建忠[2] 孟宪凯[2] 

机构地区：[1]无锡工艺职业技术学院,江苏宜兴214206 [2]江苏大学机械工程学院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《表面技术》2018年第3期72-77,共6页Surface Technology

基　　金：江苏省高等职业院校国内高级访问学者计划资助项目(2015FX081)~~

摘　　要：目的研究激光冲击强化(LSP)技术对M2高速钢材料表面抗磨损性能的影响。方法采用高功率短脉冲的强激光束对M2试样进行激光冲击处理,然后用显微硬度计测量试样冲击区横截面上的纵向显微硬度,用磨损试验机对冲击处理前后的试样进行磨损实验。结果在铝箔涂层、流水约束层作用下对M2高速钢试样进行激光冲击强化处理,试样强化层中的奥氏体晶粒显著细化。试样冲击区横截面上形成了由表及里的纵向显微硬度梯度,获得了深约0.6 mm的硬化层,表层材料显微硬度峰值高达70HRC左右,比基体硬度提高10%左右。激光冲击处理后的M2试样表面较光洁,磨痕较少,磨痕底部相对平滑,犁沟深度较浅,磨损量较小,稳定磨损阶段较长,表面呈现较好的抗咬合性和较高的耐磨性。结论经激光冲击处理后,M2高速钢材料强化层所获得的较细晶粒和较高硬度有效改善了表面抗磨损性能,进一步提高了M2高速钢刀具的切削性能与使用寿命。The work aims to study effects of laser shock processing（LSP） on abrasion resistance of M2 high-speed steel surface. Laser shock treatment was applied to M2 sample with high-power short-pulse intense laser beam. Then longitudinal microhardness on cross section of the sample＇s impact zone was measured with a hardness tester. Wear tests were performed to the M2 sample before and after LSP with an abrasion tester. Under the effects of aluminum foil coating and running water constraining layer, M2 high-speed steel sample was treated by laser shock processing, resulting in obviously refined austenite grains in the strengthened layer. A longitudinal microhardness gradient was formed from surface to centre on cross section of M2 sample＇s impact zone. A nearly 0.6 mm deep hardened layer was obtained. The maximum surface hardness was up to nearly 70HRC, about 10% higher than that of substrate. After LSP, M2 sample obtained a smoother surface with less grinding marks. The bottom surface of grinding marks was relatively smooth and the furrows＇ depth was shallow. The wear amount was smaller and the stable wear stage was prolonged. So LSP improved seizure resistance and abrasion resistance of the sample surface. By laser shock processing, finer grains and higher hardness in M2 high-speed steel＇s strengthened layer have effectively improved its surface wear resistance and further improved the cutting performance and service life of M2 high-speed-steel cutter materials.

关 键 词：激光冲击强化 M2高速钢 刀具 纵向显微硬度 抗磨损性能 

分 类 号：TN249[电子电信—物理电子学] TG113[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]