介入放射学中辅助防护设施改进效果评价研究  

Evaluation studies on the improvement of auxiliary radiological protective facilities in interventional radiology

作　　者：徐辉[1] 王建超[1] 黄卓[1] 岳保荣[1] 范瑶华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心辐射防护与核安全医学所辐射防护与核应急中国疾病预防控制中心重点实验室,北京100088

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2017年第6期661-664,共4页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2014BAI12B04)

摘　　要：目的测量使用不同辅助防护设施时介入诊疗中职业人员站立区域辐射剂量水平,为介入职业人员的放射防护提供合理可行的建议。方法根据DSA设备的特点,使用451P电离室巡测仪测量在使用不同辅助防护设施条件下介入职业人员操作位不同高度的周围剂量当量率,比较改进辅助防护设施后的防护效果。结果双球管曝光时术者位剂量要比单球管曝光时大。使用铅屏风,对第一术者的屏蔽效果优于第二术者。双球管曝光时使用铅屏风可降低第一术者31%~99%的剂量,可降低第二术者12%~90%的剂量;单球管曝光时使用铅屏风可降低第一术者4%~65%的剂量,可降低第二术者2%~30%的剂量。改进现有辅助防护设施,可明显降低术者头部、胸部、腹部的剂量,对足部剂量的改善效果不明显。结论通过使用铅屏风、改进辅助防护设施等措施可以不同程度的屏蔽介入工作场所术者位的X射线,保护介人职业人员,降低辐射剂量水平。Objective To provides reasonable and feasible suggestions for radiological protection to interventional staff by measuring the dose level in different auxiliary protective facilities at the standing position of interventional staff. Methods According to the characteristics of DSA equipment,451 P ionization chamber tourimeter was used to measure the ambient Dose Equivalent rate at different heights of interventional staff with using different auxiliary protective equipment. The effect of radiological protection was compared between different auxiliary protective facilities. Results The dose level of double-tube exposure is much bigger than that of the single-tube exposure. The shielding effect of using a lead screen for the first surgeon is better than the second surgeon. The using of a lead screen in double-tube exposure can reduce the dose of 31% ~ 99% for the first surgeon and reduce the dose of 12% - 90% for the second surgeon. The using of a lead screen in single-tube exposure can reduce the dose of the first surgeon 4% - 65% of the dose,and reduce the 2% - 30% of the dose for the second surgeon.The dose of head,chest and abdomen of interventional staff can be significantly reduced through improving the existing auxiliary protective facilities,but the protective effect to the foot is not obvious. Conclusion The using of lead screens and improving the auxiliary protective equipment can shield the X-rays of interventional staff in varying degrees,it can protect interventional staff and reduce the radiation dose level.

关 键 词：介入放射学 辅助防护设施 介入职业人员 辐射防护 

分 类 号：R144.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]