清代湖广食盐的运销与汉口盐商  

Hankou Salt Merchants and Table Salt Transportation and Marketing in Hubei and Hu'nan in the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：陈锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学历史学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2018年第1期81-91,共11页Journal of Yangzhou University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目(15ZDB037)

摘　　要：清代的湖广地区(湖北、湖南)是淮盐的最大销场,接近两淮食盐总销量的一半,盐课为淮盐的十分之六。而汉口又是转运食盐的重要集散地,从食盐产地运盐至汉口,再由汉口转运湖北、湖南各府州县,路程远,运费重,导致食盐价格高涨,由此出现邻私的侵灌和清廷对食盐成本的控制。承担湖广食盐转运的盐商称为汉口盐商或汉商,汉口盐商虽然没有扬州商人有名,但在淮盐的运销体系中占有重要地位,其对"天下四聚"或"四大名镇"之一的汉口的成名和发展举足轻重。In the Qing Dynasty,nearly half of the table salt of Lianghuai area was sold in Huguang area（Hubei and Hu＇nan）and the corresponding tax revenue accounts for the six tenth of the total tax of Huai salt.Besides,Hankou was an important distributing centre of table salt,which was transported from its production area to Hubei and Hu＇nan via Hankou.The high freight led to the rocketing high price of table salt.Hankou salt merchants,though not as famous as Yangzhou counterparts,played an important role in the marketing system of Huai salt and contributed a lot to the reputation and development of Hankou as one of the top four towns.

关 键 词：清代 两淮 湖广 食盐转运 汉口盐商 

分 类 号：G112[文化科学] K254.2[历史地理—历史学]