非战争军事行动军人心理问题特点及影响因素  

Characteristics and influencing factors of psychological problems of Chinese soldiers in non-war military operations

作　　者：冯正直[1] 夏蕾[1] 

机构地区：[1]陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)医学心理系行为医学教研室,重庆400038

出　　处：《第三军医大学学报》2018年第6期459-465,共7页Journal of Third Military Medical University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(14GJ-003123);军队心理卫生科研重点课题(12XLZ103)~~

摘　　要：非战争军事行动是以维护国家利益、促进和平与稳定为最终目的,在公认的战争水平或国际法标准之下使用军事力量的一种军事实践活动^（[1]）。其具体行动主要包括抢险救灾、维和行动、联合与联军演习、支持或镇压暴乱等。非战争军事行动中,军事力量的使用强度和规模虽不及战争行动,但由于非战争行动内在冲突明显、行动对象复杂、任务性质特殊、环境多样,加之非战争任务日益增多,军人心理健康面临严峻考验。近年来,学者们根据不同种类的非战争军事行动.Non-war military operation （ NWMO）, such as disaster rescue, peacekeeping and military maneuver etc, is an essential form of national military power utilization. Although the intensity and scale of NWMO are not as large as these of military operations, the obvious conflicts, complexity of objects and speci- ficity of missions in NWNO greatly challenge the mental heatth of soldiers. Through comprehensive analyses on NWMO in China, we found that ①the positive rates of psychological problems in disaster rescue, peacekeep- ing and military maneuver are 7.47% -28.45%, 3.96% - 14.1%, and 14.7%, respectively; ②the char- acteristics of psychological problems vary from types and stages of operations ; ③having siblings, marriage sta- tus, active coping style, personality extroverted and more social supports are protective factors against psycho- logical problems, whereas physical disorders, neurotic personality, introversion, negative stress coping strate- gies and adverse environments are risk factors for such problems; ④future studies about NWMO should focus on the development of psychological evaluation tools and criteria, the deepening of either cross-sectional or longitude exploration, and the studies concerning regulations and guidebooks to protect soldiers＂ mental health against stress.

关 键 词：非战争军事行动 军事人员 心理健康 影响因素 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学] R82[医药卫生—医学心理学]