天津滨海新区重点海岸带土地生态景观综合分析与评价  

COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF LAND ECOLOGICAL LANDSCAPE IN THE COASTAL AREA OF TIANJIN

作　　者：刘春玲[1] 王永[2] 姚翔龙 童立强[1] 祁生文[3] 贺鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国国土资源航空物探遥感中心,北京100083 [2]中国地质大学(北京),北京100083 [3]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《第四纪研究》2018年第2期505-511,共7页Quaternary Sciences

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质大调查项目“渤海重点海岸带生态地质遥感调查”（批准号：DD20160015003）资助

摘　　要：土地生态景观分类是土地分类的深化，土地生态景观分析能够更好地审视生态环境的现状和变化。文章以天津滨海新区重点海岸带为研究区域，以高精度航空影像和GF-2卫星影像为数据源，结合Naveh的景观分类系统完成了研究区的土地生态景观遥感调查。在遥感调查的基础上，选取斑块面积（CA）、斑块数量（NP）、最大斑块所占景观面积比例（LPI）等12项景观格局指标对研究区的景观现状进行了综合分析，发现：1）工业及居住景观呈团块式聚集，农业景观和人工养殖景观破碎程度较高；2）研究区景观异质性明显，景观格局类型稳定性差且景观格局分布具有明显的地域性；3）工业及沿岸浅海区规划较好，然而荒漠景观分布面积较多且集中，需要重点规划和治理。研究表明景观格局能够准确反映研究区景观的基本特征，对研究区今后的生态环境改善、旅游景观分析以及土地资源利用和规划提供一定的参考价值和指导意义。Analysis of the land ecological landscape can better examine the current situation and changes of ecological environment. The research area is located in the coastal area of Tianjin, from 38°12＇N to 39° 24＇N and from 117°18＇E to 119°06＇E. The research date are the GF-2 satellite image data which were got from January to February and June to August of 2016 and the aerial image data were mainly obtained from May to August of 2016. The resolution of the satellite image is 1 m, and the resolution of the aerial image is 0.2 m. This paper completes the remote sensing survey of the land ecological landscape by combining Naveh＇s landscape classification system and divides the landscape into three primary classifications, which include Natural Landscape, Artificial Landscape and Other Artificial Landscape. Then combined the land use types, this paper detailly divide the first classifications into ten secondary classifications. Using ArcGIS and Fragstats software, 37 meshes are divided with the size 10 km×10 km in the research area, and 12 landscape pattern indexes, such as Patch Area（CA）, Patch Number（NP）and Landscape Percentage Index（LPI）, are selected to comprehensively analyze the landscape current situation of the study area. Then with the size of raster 15 m×15 m, this paper use the Kriging interpolation to calculate the contour map of landscape pattern indexes. After analyzing this data, the results show that：（1）Industrial and residential landscapes are agglomerated, and the landscape of agricultural landscape and artificial farming are fragmented; （2）The landscape heterogeneity is obvious in the study area, and the stability of landscape pattern type was poor and the landscape pattern distribution was obviously regional; （3）The planning of industrial and coastal shallow coastal areas is better. However, the desert landscape has a large area of distribution and concentration, which needs to be focused on planning and management. The research shows that the landscape pattern

关 键 词：天津滨海新区 海岸带 土地生态景观分类 景观格局分析 遥感 

分 类 号：TP75[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]