新德里金属-β-内酰胺酶的流行现状与水解机制分析  

The Prevalence and Hydrolysis Mechanism of New Delhi Metallo-β-lactamase-1

作　　者：孙影[1] 陈佳鑫 石诚 郑珩[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国药科大学生命科学与技术学院,南京210009

出　　处：《国外医药（抗生素分册）》2018年第2期99-104,共6页World Notes on Antibiotics

基　　金：国家基础科学人才培养基金(项目名称:中国药科大学药学基地科研训练及科研能力提高项目:批准号:J1310032)

摘　　要：随着抗生素的乱用与滥用,细菌的耐药性及其机制也不断发展,其中金属-β-内酰胺酶(MBLs)介导的严重甚至多药耐药性,使得传统抗生素如青霉素类、头孢菌素类、碳青霉烯类等已无法应对这些耐药菌引起的感染,给人类的健康安全也带来了日益严重的威胁。了解金属酶耐药基因的检出和传播状况,深入研究金属酶耐药机制,对于及时诊断、合理用药以及预防新的耐药菌等具有重大意义。本文介绍了新德里金属β-内酰胺酶的流行现状及其结构与机制的研究概况,并分析了NDM-1突变体的发生趋势,提示科研和医务工作者,可靠的实验室检测方法,安全的防感染控制措施以及完善的综合监测系统是我们预防或应对"超级细菌"爆发的迫切需求。The abuse and misuse of antibiotics caused an increasingly bacterial resistance and developing sophisticated mechanisms. Metallo--β-1actamase （MBLs） mediated drug resistance and even multidrug resistance make traditional antibiotics such as penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems, etc. already unable to cope with the infections caused by these resistant bacteria, and thus posing a threat to human health and safety. For timely diagnosis, rational use of drugs and prevention of new drug-resistant bacteria, it is of great significance to understand the detection and dissemination of metalloenzyme genes and meanwhile in-depth study of the mechanisms. The review summarized the epidemic status and the structural features and mechanistic investigation of the New Delhi metal-I）- lactamase. We also analyzed the trend of NDM-1 mutants. There were recognized implications for reliable laboratory detection methods, secure infection control practices, and well-integrated surveillance systems, which warn scientific researchers and medical workers to prevent or deal with the ＇superbug＇ outbreak.

关 键 词：NDM-型金属-β-内酰胺酶 流行现状 机制研究 

分 类 号：R978.3[医药卫生—药品]