地方政府建设开发区:左顾右盼的选择?  

The Construction of Development Zones by Local Governments:A Looking-around Choice?

作　　者：邓慧慧[1] 赵家羚 虞义华[2] 

机构地区：[1]对外经济贸易大学国际经济研究院,北京100029 [2]中国人民大学经济学院,北京100872

出　　处：《财经研究》2018年第3期139-152,F0003,共15页Journal of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(71303048);对外经济贸易大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(CXTD7-05)

摘　　要：开发区重复建设、无序扩张是长期以来困扰中国经济持续健康发展的重要问题。文章基于2004-2014年100个城市数据,采用空间面板模型,以国家级经开区为例从空间策略互动视角考察了地方政府热衷推动开发区建设的行为动机。研究发现:(1)中国地市级政府在建设开发区上会充分参考"邻居"城市的行为作出自身决策,并且这种空间效应在地理距离相近的同级城市间更为显著。具体而言,如果地理邻近城市平均建设10个新的开发区,本市往往会相应建立5个开发区。(2)相对东部来说,中西部城市间在建设开发区上的空间策略互动更强,并受到经济发展水平、产业结构、基础设施、人力资本等因素的影响。(3)进一步的经验检验表明,财政分权和中央政府主导下的政绩考核带动了地方政府招商引资的空间竞争,强化了地方政府推动建设开发区上的策略互动。文章的研究发现在一定程度上反映和解释了"开发区热"的本质特征,揭示了地方政府合作困境的根源。由此,应从政绩考核体制、财税体制、地方债务管理体制等方面采取有效的改革措施,严格控制地方政府过度建设开发区的盲目竞争行为。Xi Jinping＇s report to the 19 th CPC National Congress profoundly expounded that ‘China＇s economy has shifted from high speed growth stage to high quality development stage＇,emphasizing the implementation of regional coordination development strategy.As an important carrier to promote local economic growth and national regional development strategy,the development zones have made important contributions to the rapid development of China＇s economy,and also provide a unique perspective for understanding local governments＇ behavior and China＇s economic growth mode.The repeated construction and disordered expansion of development zones are the severe problem that has plagued the sustained and healthy development of China＇s economy for a long time.Based on the data of 100 cities from 2004 to 2014,the spatial panel model is used to study the motivations for the establishment of the development zones by the local governments from the perspective of spatial strategy interaction.It arrives at the conclusions as follows：firstly,the local governments fully consider and refer to the decisions of their ‘neighbors＇ when taking the construction of development zones into account;if the number of adjacent development zones increases,the number of local development zones increases accordingly,explaining the nature reason for repeated construction of development zones to a certain extent;secondly,after investigating the regional differences of strategic activities in the development zones,we find that the spatial strategy interaction of constructing development zones is stronger in the central and western cities than that in the eastern cities;the scattered distribution of the central and western development zones causes the waste of resources and reduces the factor allocation efficiency;thirdly,industrial structure,infrastructure,land prices and other factors have significant impacts on the establishment of development zones,and constitute important constraints on setting up development zones by local governm

关 键 词：经济技术开发区 空间计量模型 策略互动 

分 类 号：F201[经济管理—国民经济] F207