8月龄婴儿抗体水平对麻疹疫苗接种效果影响  

Effect of measles maternal antibody in 8-month old infants on efficacy of measles vaccination

作　　者：于夏雅 许德[2] 周淑洁[2] 陈霞[2] 苏颖[2] 张宁[2] 王建军[2] YU Xiaya1, XU De, ZHOU Shujie, CHEN Xia, SU Ying, ZHANG Ning, WANG Jianjun(1.School of Public Healthy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, Chin)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院,安徽合肥230032 [2]安徽省疾病预防控制中心免疫预防科,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2018年第3期245-248,共4页China Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解0~8月龄婴儿麻疹胎传抗体的消减状况,评价8月龄婴儿的抗体水平对麻疹疫苗接种效果的影响,为制定麻疹的免疫策略和防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用随机抽样方法,抽取2017年4月至6月在亳州人民医院就诊的2周岁以内婴幼儿作为调查对象,进行问卷调查并采集婴幼儿外周静脉血分离血清,采用酶联免疫吸附法(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测麻疹病毒抗体IgG。结果共调查2周岁以内婴幼儿288名,其中159名婴儿未接种过麻疹疫苗,79名婴幼儿接种过一剂次麻疹疫苗,50名婴幼儿接种过两剂次麻疹疫苗。对于未接种过麻疹疫苗的婴儿,0月龄婴儿麻疹抗体阳性率为100.00%,8月龄抗体阳性率为9.52%,随着月龄的增长而降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);出生年份早于1991年和出生年份在1991年及以后的母亲所生婴儿的麻疹抗体阳性率分别为22.64%和49.06%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对于接种过一剂次含麻疹成分疫苗(MCV1)的婴幼儿,≥9月龄和8月龄接种MCV1的婴幼儿的麻疹IgG抗体几何平均浓度(GMC)分别为1 558.22 IU/L和1 133.05 IU/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);出生年份早于1991年和出生年份在1991年及以后的母亲所生婴幼儿接种MCV1后的麻疹抗体GMC分别为1 410.06 IU/L和999.29 IU/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。对于接种过两剂次含麻疹成分疫苗(MCV2)的婴幼儿,婴幼儿接种MCV2后的麻疹抗体GMC与性别、地区、首剂接种时间及母亲出生年份等因素均没有关系,差异无统计学意义。结论 9.52%的8月龄婴儿的麻疹抗体仍为阳性,婴儿体内胎传抗体的存在会影响麻疹疫苗的初次接种的效果,但这种影响会在第二剂次麻疹疫苗接种后被消除。Objective To understand the dynamic change of the measles maternal antibody in infants,and evaluate the effect of maternal antibody in 8-month old infants on the efficacy of vaccination,so as to provide the evidence for making scientific immunization strategies and countermeasures.Methods The random sampling method was used to select infants below 2 years old who visited the Bozhou People＇s Hospital from April 2017 to June 2017.They were investigated by a questionnaire,their blood samples were collected and centrifuged,and the serum was separated and tested for measles antibody levels with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）.Results A total of 288 infants were investigated,including 159infants without measles vaccination,76 infants with 1 dose of vaccination,and 50 infants with 2 doses of vaccination.For the infants without measles vaccination,the positive rate of measles maternal antibody decreased from 100.00%in 0-month old newborns to 9.52%in 8-month old infants（P〈0.001）.The positive rate of measles maternal antibody was 22.64%in the infants whose mothers were born before 1991 and was 49.06%in the infants whose mothers were born after 1991,and the difference was significant（P〈0.05）.For the infants with 1 dose of vaccination,the antibody geometric mean concentrations（GMCs）among the infants with the first vaccination above 9 months and 8 months were 1 558.22 IU/L and 1 133.05 IU/L respectively,and the difference was significant P〈0.05）.The antibody GMCs of the first vaccination in the infants whose mothers were born before1991 and the infants whose mothers were born after 1991 were 1 410.06 IU/L and 999.29 IU/L respectively,and the difference was significant（P〈0.01）.For the infants with 2 doses of vaccination,the measles antibody GMC of the second vaccination in the infants was not significantly different between/among the types of gender,residence,months of the first-dose vaccine,and mother＇s birth year.Conclusions The positive rate of measles maternal antibody is 9.52%in

关 键 词：麻疹疫苗 胎传抗体 抗体几何平均滴度 抗体阳性率 

分 类 号：R511.1[医药卫生—内科学]