甘肃张家川马家塬战国墓地2012～2014年发掘简报  

The Excavation of the Majiayuan Cemetery of the Warring-States Period in Zhangjiachuan County,Gansu in 2012 to 2014

作　　者：刘兵兵 谢焱[1] 王辉 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省文物考古研究所

出　　处：《文物》2018年第3期4-25,F0002,F0003,共24页Cultural Relics

摘　　要：马家塬墓地位于甘肃省张家川回族自治县木河乡桃园村村北的马家塬上。2012~2014年,早期秦文化联合考古队与张家川回族自治县博物馆联合,对墓地进行了连续发掘,清理墓葬13座、祭祀坑1座。墓葬分为竖穴阶梯墓道偏洞室墓、竖穴墓道偏洞室墓、竖穴墓道洞室墓、竖穴土坑墓。墓中出土了陶器、铜器、铁器、石器及车辆等。墓葬内普遍殉牲,将车体构件拆分后随葬或仅随葬车体饰件以代替构件乃至整车的现象比较多见。结合墓地以往的发掘推断,墓地经过了统一规划,墓区存在阶段性或分区域整体祭祀活动。本次发掘的小型墓为进一步探讨墓葬的族属特征、当时的秦戎关系等提供了新材料。The Majiayuan Cemetery is located on the Majiayuan Plateau to the north of Taoyuan Village in Muhe Township, Zhangjiachuan County, Gansu Province. In 2012 to 2014, Collaborative Archaeological Team of the Early Qin Culture and Zhangjiachuan County Museum jointly conducted successive excavations to this cemetery, by whieh 13 burials and one sacrificial pit were recovered. The burials could be classified into vertical earthen shaft pit burials with stepped passage and sideway cave cham- ber, vertical earthen shaft pit burials with sideway cave chamber, cave burials with vertical earthen shaft passage and earthen shaft pit burials. From these burials, grave goods made of pottery, bronze, iron, stone, as well as chariots were unearthed. Animal victims were popular in these burials; the chariots were often taken apart before being buried, and the ehariot fittings buried in stead of the chariot parts even the whole chariots were also popular. Referring to the situation seen in the past excavations, it is inferred that the cemetery, was uniformly designed, and periodic and/or zone sacrificial activities were held in the cemetery. The small-sized burials excavated in the excavations provided new data for the further exploration of the ethnic affiliation of these burials and the relationship between Qin and the Rong people at that time.

关 键 词：发掘简报 张家川 甘肃省 墓地 战国 洞室墓 自治县 博物馆 

分 类 号：K878.8[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]