去政治的政治哲学方案——马克思的“真正的民主制”  

A Depoliticized Program of Political Philosophy——Karl Marx’s “Real Democracy”

作　　者：方博[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学哲学系

出　　处：《学术月刊》2018年第3期57-65,共9页Academic Monthly

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“基于MEGA2的马克思早期文本研究”(15ZDB001)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：马克思在《黑格尔法哲学批判》中的起点是对市民社会与政治国家在现代世界分离的批判，这一分离造成了作为类存在者的人的本质的分裂以及人在现实生活之中的异化。黑格尔在他的法哲学中虽然清楚地揭示了这一分离，但他非但没有消解，反而是在理论上固化了这一分离。马克思批判了黑格尔法哲学在这一问题上的局限性，并在规范的层面上提出了“真正的民主制”作为对这一分离问题、并由此是对人的真正自由的实现的彻底解决方案，而这一方案里已经包含了他日后关于共产主义社会的基本设想的萌芽。The starting point of Karl Marx in Critique of Hegel＇s Philosophy of Right is the critique ot the separation of civil society and political state in the modern world. This separation has led to the spaltung of the essence of human as spieces being and its alienation in the real life. Although Hegel clearly disclosed this separation in his philosphy of right, he not only did not eliminate it, but instead fixed it theoretically. Marx criticized the limitation of Hegel on this issue and put forward ＂the real democracy＂ as a normative solution of this separation. It can also be viewed as a program to realize the real freedom of human, which already contained the seeds of Marx＇s ideas about the communist society in his late writings.

关 键 词：市民社会 政治国家 人的解放 真正的民主制 

分 类 号：A1[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]