我国核天体物理前沿科学问题研究进展  

Progress of nuclear astrophysics in China

作　　者：柳卫平[1] 李志宏[1] 郭冰[1] 唐晓东 何建军 

机构地区：[1]中国原子能科学研究院,北京102413 [2]中国科学院近代物理研究所,兰州730000 [3]中国科学院国家天文台,北京100012

出　　处：《中国科学基金》2018年第2期125-130,共6页Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金创新研究群体(项目批准号:11321064)和重大项目(11490560);科技部973项目(2013CB834406);重点研发计划(2016YFA0400500)的资助

摘　　要：我国核天体物理研究群体紧密围绕核天体物理关键科学问题开展了研究,依托兰州重离子加速器、北京串列加速器和国家天文台郭守敬望远镜,结合国际合作,对核天体物理反应直接测量和间接测量、原子核质量和衰变测量、理论计算、核合成网络计算、以及天文观测等关键科学问题开展研究,制定了我国核天体物理中长期发展战略,取得了国际公认的创新性研究成果。研究成果充分展现了核天体物理研究群体的集成效应,催生了锦屏深地核天体物理实验室,较大地促进了核物理与天体物理的深度交叉和融合,加强了国内核天体物理领域实质性的交流与合作,促使我国核天体物理研究进入到国际先进水平。Nuclear astrophysics is an interdisciplinary research field.It composes of nuclear physics,which studies micro phenomena,and astrophysics which studies macroscopic phenomena in our world.The main research goals of nuclear astrophysics are：（1）how,when and where chemical elements are synthesized and what is their final abundance distribution in the universe;（2）how nuclear processes determine the evolution and the ultimate fate of stars.At present,nuclear astrophysics has been developed into a new prosperous stage with a huge number of experimental and theoretical progresses.This paper summarized the current progress of nuclear astrophysics in China,in the sub-fields of direct and indirect measurement of key reactions,measurement of mass and decay,as well as the theoretical calculation and network simulation.In present paper,the prospects to solve the key scientific nuclear astrophysics problems are represented These key problems include：（1）direct measurement of important reactions at astrophysical energies in the laboratory on the earth surface and in the underground;（2）extrapolation of cross sections at higher energies for the reactions induced by charged particles;（3）indirect measurement of key reactions in the hydrostatic and explosive nuclear processes;（4）study of the mass,the properties of decay and resonant states for the nuclides far from the stability line in explosive astrophysical events;（5）establish and improve the database for nuclear astrophysics,and develop network simulation codes,and systematically study astrophysical sites and abundance distribution of nucleosynthesis;（6）origin of the elements heavier than iron in the universe.The progress of nuclear astrophysics in China will be reviewed,ranging from ground base reaction,mass and decay experiments,to the underground Jinping JUNA project.

关 键 词：核天体物理 元素核合成 关键核天体物理反应 网络计算 

分 类 号：P14[天文地球—天体物理]