大花萱草EMS离体诱变和抗叶枯病突变体的筛选  

EMS Mutagenesis in Vitro and Screening of Resistant Mutant to Kabatiella microsticta of Hemerocallis middendorfii

作　　者：杨丽莉[1] 刘化涛[1] 杨睿[1] 常建忠[1] 郭建民[2] 畅平 Yang Lili1, Liu Huatao1, Yang Rui, Chang Jianzhong1, Guo Jianmin2, Chang Ping3(＇Institute of Dryland Farming, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030032; ZHorticultural Research Institute of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030031; 3College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling Shaanxi 71210)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院旱地农业研究中心,太原030032 [2]山西省农业科学院园艺研究所,太原030031 [3]西北农林科技大学风景园林艺术学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2018年第4期123-130,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划"甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)离体诱导大花萱草抗病突变体的研究"(201603D221017-1);山西省农业科学院重点项目"EMS诱变大花萱草抗病突变体的研究"(YZD1513);山西省农业科学院特色农业攻关项目"EMS诱变大花萱草突变体的产生及新种质资源创制"(YGG17037)

摘　　要：利用甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)诱变处理大花萱草愈伤组织和分化芽,经过萱草叶枯病菌毒素离体筛选获得抗病愈伤组织和分化芽突变体。以不同浓度剂量EMS诱变处理大花萱草子房诱导的愈伤组织和分化芽,用经过毒力检测的萱草叶枯病菌毒素粗提液进行离体筛选,通过在继代培养基中添加毒素粗提液,对愈伤组织进行浓度递增法和分化芽一步筛选法,获得抗叶枯病突变体材料。结果表明,0.50%~0.75%EMS处理愈伤组织60 min,0.75%~1.00%EMS处理分化芽60 min,分别获得半致死剂量效应。对存活的愈伤组织进行病菌毒素浓度递增逐步筛选(10%30天~20%30天),分化芽用40%的毒素液一步法筛选21天。经定向筛选,初步获得抗叶枯病分化芽突变体103株,有待进一步进行抗病鉴定。愈伤组织未能获得抗病突变体再生植株。The calli and differentiation buds from ovary of Hemerocallis hybrida were mutagenized in vitro bydifferent concentrations of EMS（ethyl methane sulfonate） and screened by toxin extracts after the toxicitytesting of Kabatiella microsticta on Hemerocallis hybrida. The results showed that 0.50%-0.75% EMS treatedcallus 60 min, 0.75%-1.00% EMS treated differentiation bud 60 min, and obtained semi lethal dose effectrespectively. The surviving calli were gradually screened for bacterial toxin concentration（10%, 30 days-20%, 30 days）, and the surviving differentiated buds were screened for 21 days with 40% toxin, one stepsolution. 103 mutants of leaf blight from bud differentiation were obtained by directional screening, and furtheridentification was needed. Calli failed to obtain resistant mutant plants.

关 键 词：大花萱草 叶枯病菌 甲基磺酸乙酯 化学诱变 抗病突变体 离体筛选 

分 类 号：S337[农业科学—作物遗传育种]