汽车正面耐碰撞性有限元仿真分析  

FEM Simulation Analysis of Frontal Crashworthiness for a Vehicle

作　　者：郑何妍 卢耀辉[1] 张德文[1] 赵智堂 刘俊杰 ZHENG Heyan, LU Yaohui, ZHANG Dewen, ZHAO Zhitang, LIU Junjie(School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Chin)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学机械工程学院,成都610031

出　　处：《重庆理工大学学报（自然科学）》2018年第2期31-37,134,共8页Journal of Chongqing University of Technology：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51275428)

摘　　要：为研究汽车正面碰撞过程中的被动安全性能,建立了某型汽车整车有限元模型,基于中国新车评价规程(C-NCAP)对其进行评价。以运行速度为50 km/h的汽车与刚性墙发生正面碰撞为例,应用LS-DYNA软件进行有限元分析,对整车变形、车身能量、B柱加速度和前围侵入量等结果进行分析,研究汽车吸能部件对碰撞结果的影响。结果表明:碰撞过程中整车出现回弹现象,前部吸能不够充分;驾驶员侧加速度最大为41.6 g,满足国内碰撞要求;保险杠的最大位移量为490 mm,前纵梁的最大变形量为241.2 mm,从而得出碰撞中主要吸能部位为保险杆和前纵梁。通过正面碰撞仿真分析,得出该车有较好的正面耐撞性,得到的碰撞数值模拟结果可为该车的结构设计提供参考。In order to study the passive safety of vehicle frontal impact,a finite element model of a vehicle was established. Based on the C-NCAP,LS-DYNA software was used to analyze the impact between the rigid wall and the vehicle with the speed of 50 km/h. The results of car deformation,body energy,B-pillar acceleration frontal intrusion were analyzed,and influence of energy absorbing components on the impact results was studied. And then it makes a comprehensive evaluation of the stress,strain and other aspects of the computer simulation of the body impact defamation. The results show that the vehicle rebounded during the impact,the frontal energy absorption is not enough; the maximum value of the driver ＇s side acceleration is 41. 6 g,which meets the requirements of thedomestic impact; the displacement of bumper is 490 mm and the maximum deformation of the front longitudinal beam is 241. 2 mm,which leads to the main energy absorption in the impact. Through the simulation analysis of the frontal impact,it is concluded that the vehicle has good frontal crashworthiness,and the numerical simulation results can provide a reference for the structural design of the vehicle.

关 键 词：被动安全性 正面碰撞 有限元法 耐撞性 

分 类 号：U467.14[机械工程—车辆工程]