驯化对始红蝽(Pyrrhocoris apterus)耐寒能力的影响及越冬适应策略  

Cold resistance and adaptation of Pyrrhocoris apterus

作　　者：曹凯丽 王芳艳 胡敏 吾尔买提.达吾提 Roman Jashenko 季荣[1] CAO Kaili1 , WANG Fangyan1 , HU Min1 , WUERMAITI Dawuti2, ROMAN Jashenko3, JI Rong1(1 College of Life Science, Xinjiang Normal University, Key Laboratory of Conservation and Management of Species Diversity in Xinjiang, International Center for the Collaborative Management of Cross-border Pests in Central Asia, Urumqi 830054, China 2 Xinfiang Yutian County Grassland Station, Hetian 848400, China 3 Ministry of Education and Science of Kazakhstan, Institute of Zoology, Almaty 050060, Kazakhsta)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学生命科学学院新疆特殊环境物种多样性保护与调控重点实验室中亚区域跨境有害生物联合控制国际研究中心,乌鲁木齐830054 [2]新疆于田县草原站,和田848400 [3]哈萨克斯坦共和国教育科学部动物研究所,阿拉木图050060

出　　处：《生态学报》2018年第5期1826-1831,共6页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：科技部国际科技合作专项(2015DFR30290);国家自然科学基金(U1120301)

摘　　要：为阐明越冬期间始红蝽应对低温胁迫的耐寒策略及其影响因素,从生理生化水平探讨始红蝽成虫的耐寒能力,逐月测定了12月至翌年3月始红蝽低温驯化前后的过冷却点、低温存活率、LT_(50)以及始红蝽体内耐寒物质含量。结果表明,越冬期间始红蝽自然种群过冷却点最低为(-14.01±0.53)℃,-5、-10℃驯化30min后的始红蝽过冷却点最低降至为(-19.32±0.86)℃、(-25.56±1.09)℃。0℃驯化30min后暴露于-5、-10、-15℃1h的最高存活率依次为100%、39.1%±8.6%、10%;始红蝽自然种群LT_(50)最低为-8.53℃,0℃驯化后降至-9.21℃。越冬期间雌雄始红蝽体内自由水/结合水比值和游离蛋白质含量先下降后上升,12月达到最大值,雌雄分别为144.50±26.22和140.32±21.92,(15.81±0.10)mg/g和(15.47±0.01)mg/g;脂肪、海藻糖和甘油含量先上升后下降,2月达到最大值,雌雄脂肪含量分别为(16.33±0.48)mg/g和(13.15±1.32)mg/g,海藻糖含量分别为(11.98±0.01)mg/g和(10.88±0.02)mg/g,甘油含量分别为(14.74±0.01)mg/g和(15.06±0.03)mg/g。研究证明,低温驯化后始红蝽的过冷却点和LT_(50)明显降低,低温存活率显著提高,越冬期间始红蝽可通过调整体内抗逆物质含量以增强虫体耐寒能力。This study aimed to investigate the cold tolerance and adaptation strategy of Pyrrhocoris apterus （Heteroptera：Pyrrhocoridae） during the over-wintering period. The supercooling point （SCP） of the wild population （control group） and the cold acclimation group, the survival rate under low temperature, LT50 and the content of biochemical substances were determined from December of 2015 to March of 2016. The results showed that the minimum SCP was （-14.01±0.53）℃ in the wild population, whereas that in the population treated at -5 or -10℃ for 30 min were （-19.32±0.86）℃ and （-25.56±1.09）℃, respectively. After treatment at 0℃ for 30 min, followed by exposure to -5, -10 or -15℃ for 1 h, the maximum survival rates of P. apterus were 100%, 39.1%±8.6% and 10%, respectively. The minimum LT50 of the wild and acclimated populations at 0℃ for 30 min were -8.53℃ and -9.21℃, respectively. The free/combined water and free protein content of P. apterus females and males initially decreased, and then increased, to reach the maximum in December （144.504±26.219 and 140.317±21.92,（15.8102±0.0992） and （15.4688±0.01475）mg/g, respectively）. Fat, trehalose and glycerol content of P. apterus females and males first increased, and then decreased, reaching the maximum in February during the over-wintering period. The fat content for females and males were （16.33±0.48） and （13.15±1.32） mg/g, respectively. The trehalose content was （11.98±0.01） and （10.88±0.02） mg/g, respectively, and the glycerol content was （14.74±0.01） and （15.06±0.03） mg/g, respectively, in female and male P. apterus. The present study demonstrated that acclimation could lower the SCP and LT50 of P. apterus than those in the wild population. These results indicated that acclimation could improve the survival rate and enhance cold resistance in P. apterus by modulating the content of cryoprotectants during the over-wintering periods.

关 键 词：低温驯化 过冷却点 低温存活率 半致死温度 耐寒物质 始红蝽 

分 类 号：Q965[生物学—昆虫学]