个性化护理干预在精神分裂症患者中的应用效果  

Application effect of individualized nursing intervention in patients with schizophrenia

作　　者：丛素兰 CONG Su-lan(Mental department,Yingkou psychiatric Hospital in Liaoning Province,Yingkou 115003,Chin)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省营口市精神病医院心理科,辽宁营口115003

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2018年第7期191-193,共3页China Modern Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析精神分裂症患者入院治疗初期的心理特点并探讨其护理的有效措施。方法选取2016年6~12月在我院治疗的精神分裂症患者78例,其均为首次发病患者。采用简单随机化的方法分为观察组和对照组,观察组40例,对照组38例。入院后两组均给予常规抗精神病药物治疗和护理干预,观察组在此基础上再根据患者入院初期的心理特点施以个性化的护理措施。护理干预3个月后,比较两组患者的BPRS、SDSS评分和患者对护理的满意度。结果入院时两组患者的BPRS及SDSS评分,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预3个月后,观察组患者BPRS及SDSS评分均显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组的总满意度显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论精神分裂症患者首次发病的入院初期多存在反抗心理、不配合、易激惹、悲观等心理特点;护理上首先建立互信关系,对于不同类型的精神分裂症患者施以个性化的护理措施外,还应注重认知治疗、社会技能训练和家庭护理干预等护理干预技术的使用。Objective To analyze the psychological characteristics of patients with schizophrenia and to explore the ef- fective measures of nursing.Methods 78 patients with schizophrenia treated in our hospital from June to December 2016 were selected,all of them were first onset patients,the patients were divided into observation group （40 cases） and control group （38 cases） by simple randomization.Both groups were given conventional antipsychotic therapy and nurs- ing intervention after admission,after admission,both groups were given conventional antipsychotic drugs treatment and nursing intervention,the observation group on this basis,according to the psychological characteristics of patients in the early stage of admission to personalized nursing measures.After 3 months of nursing intervention,BPRS,SDSS scores and patients＂ satisfaction with nursing were compared between the two groups.Results There was no significant difference in BPRS and SDSS scores between the two groups（P〈0.05）.After 3 months of intervention,the hprs and SDSS scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group,the difference was statistically significant （P〈 0.05）,the total satisfaction of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）.Condusion There are many psychological characteristics such as rebellious psy- chology,uncooperative,irritable and pessimistic in the first stage of admission of schizophrenic patients.Care to establish mutual trust relationship,first for different types of schizophrenia patients with personalized nursing measures,should also pay attention to the cognitive therapy,social skills training and family nursing intervention nursing interventions on the use of technology.

关 键 词：精神分裂症 入院初期 心理特点 护理干预技术 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]