蝙蝠蛾幼虫感染粉棒束孢后的病症、组织病理变化及侵入途径  

Symptoms, infection and histopathology of Hepialus sp. larvae parasitized by Isaria farinosa

作　　者：吕延华 夏金明 张宗耀 李全平 董彩虹[3] 李文佳 Lü Yan-Hua,XIA Jin-Ming,ZHANG Zong-Yao,LI Quan-Ping,DONG Cai-Hong,LI Wen-Jia(Yichang Shanchengshuidu Cordyceps Co., LTD., Yichang, Hubei 443000, China 2Key Laboratory of State Administration Guangdong 523850, China Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sunshine Lake Pharma Co., LTD., Dongguan, 3State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100201, Chin)

机构地区：[1]宜昌山城水都冬虫夏草有限公司,湖北宜昌443000 [2]广东东阳光药业有限公司国家中医药管理局重点研究室,广东东莞523850 [3]中国科学院微生物研究所真菌学国家重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《菌物学报》2018年第3期314-324,共11页Mycosystema

基　　金：工信部中药材提升与保障领域项目:冬虫夏草规模化生产基地建设~~

摘　　要：蝙蝠蛾幼虫的饲养是冬虫夏草培植的先决条件,粉棒束孢作为蝙蝠蛾幼虫饲养过程中的一种常见和主要致病菌,具有极强的致病性和流行性。结合形态学观察和组织切片技术,本文研究了蝙蝠蛾幼虫感染病原菌粉棒束孢后的症状、主要组织病理变化及粉棒束孢侵染蝙蝠蛾幼虫的途径。结果表明,用浓度为1×105个/mL的粉棒束孢分生孢子悬液处理蝙蝠蛾5龄幼虫,4d后在腹部气门处有黑斑出现,气门变黑,虫体随后瘫痪死亡、体色改变、收缩化僵、菌丝层包裹、形成众多孢梗束等症状。幼虫被粉棒束孢感染后,菌丝体首先利用血淋巴进行增殖,脂肪体、肌肉、消化道、丝腺和马氏管等主要组织器官先后出现不同程度的破坏,虫体体腔被大量菌丝充斥并最终僵化。组织切片观察结果表明,粉棒束孢可以通过气门侵入蝙蝠蛾幼虫体内并造成虫体死亡,菌丝穿透气管进入血淋巴后断裂成许多长短不一的短菌丝段,目前尚未观察到菌丝直接穿透幼虫体壁和从消化道侵入的现象。本研究为蝙蝠蛾幼虫饲养过程中的病害防治提供信息参考。Artificial rearing of Hepialus sp.larvae is necessary prerequisite for cultivation of Chinese cordyceps.However,Isaria farinosa is a common contaminant during Hepialus larva rearing and has significantly impact on the cultivation of Chinese cordyceps.The symptoms,infection and histopathology of Hepialus larvae parasitised by I.farinosa were observed in this study.After four days of inoculation,some black spots appeared around the abdominal trachea and the trachea was somewhat black.Subsequently,the larvae were shown as paralysis,death,body color change,rigid contraction,mycelial coating and finally forming many coremia.After penetration of the cuticle,the hypha firstly multiplied in the hemolymph,and then gradually degraded the host tissues and organs such as fatbody,muscle,digestive tract,silk-glands and Malpighian tubules.The larval coelom was occupied by massive hyphae and the larvae eventually become mummified.Histological sections showed that I.farinosa could infect Hepialus sp.larvae via spiracle and hyphae broke into short hyphal segments in the haemolymph.Mycelia directly penetrating the cuticle of larvae and digestive tract were not observed.This study provided essential information to prevent contamination and disease caused by I.farinosa during the artificial rearing of Hepialus sp.larvae.

关 键 词：冬虫夏草 粉棒束孢 接种 外部症状 组织病理 侵入途径 

分 类 号：S567.35[农业科学—中草药栽培] S899[农业科学—作物学]