侗语南部方言第二土语送气不分调成因  

Causes for Non-splitting of Tones of Aspirated Consonants in the Second Dialect of Southern Kam Language

作　　者：龙润田 LONG Run-tian(Department of Minority Languages and Literatures, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学少数民族语言文学系,北京100081

出　　处：《中央民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2018年第2期130-135,共6页Journal of Minzu University of China(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：龙耀宏教授主持的中国语言资源保护工程专项任务"民族语言调查.贵州黎平侗语南部方言第二土语"(编号:YB1734A029)的阶段性成果;龙耀宏教授主持的国家社科基金重大项目"黔湘桂边区汉字记录少数民族语言文献分类搜集整理研究"(项目编号:12&ZD181)资助

摘　　要：侗语各方言土语声调数目并不一致。从历时上看,差异的产生是各方言土语声调发展演变的条件不同造成的。侗语南部方言第二土语仅有10个声调,声调数量明显少于其他土语。造成该方言土语声调发展演变差异的根本原因是III和IV类声母并未对单数调造成影响形成调型区别,未分化出送气调。侗语南部方言送气分调的必要条件是送气辅音气化对元音和声调造成影响;充分条件是这种影响改变音高,使送气调和原调产生较大听感差异,从而区分为两个声调。Various Don dialects are different in the number of tones,which is caused by different conditions for the development and evolution of dialectical tones in history. The second dialect of Southern Kam language has only ten tones,much less than other dialects. The root cause of this difference lies in the fact that odd-numbered tones are not affected by the types of III and IV vowels,so they cannot form different tone types,nor split into aspirated tones. The requirement for the splitting of tones of aspirated consonants is the breathiness of the initial consonants,which affects the vowels and tone. When the condition is sufficient,the pitch is modulated to distinguish the new tone from the original one

关 键 词：侗语 岩洞侗语 声调 送气音 

分 类 号：H272[语言文字—少数民族语言]