厚竹笋营养的地域变异及对生长环境的响应  

Regional variations of nutrition in Phyllostachys edulis 'Pachyloen' bamboo shoots and its response to environmental factors

作　　者：李苑[1] 张艳华[1] 黎祖尧[1,2] 张雷 孙娅东[1] LI Yuan1, ZHANG Yanhua1, LI Zuyao1,2, ZHANG Lei1, SUN Yadong1(1. Forestry College, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045; 2. Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Nanchang 33004)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学林学院,南昌330045 [2]江西省竹子种质资源与利用重点实验室,南昌330045

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2018年第1期64-69,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2015BAD04B01);中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(JXTG[2016]11)共同资助

摘　　要：为了探索厚竹笋营养的地域变异及对生长环境变化的响应机制,采用方差分析、Duncan新复极差和相关系数等方法,分析了11个厚竹种植基地的竹笋营养成分及其与气候、海拔和土壤等环境因子之间相关性。结果表明,不同产地的厚竹笋总糖、淀粉、粗纤维和维生素B1含量差异较大,蛋白质、单宁和维生素E含量差异较小。不同环境因子对厚竹笋营养品质影响程度不同,降水量、日照时数和海拔高度影响极显著(P<0.01),土壤碱解N、速效P和有机质含量及pH值影响显著(P<0.05)。竹笋中不同营养成分对生长环境变化响应程度不同,粗纤维、蛋白质和总糖响应敏感,淀粉响应较敏感,单宁、维生素B1和维生素E响应不敏感。粗纤维与土壤pH值及碱解N和有机质含量呈显著正相关,与海拔高度、3月份气温和土壤全N含量呈显著负相关;淀粉与降水量呈显著正相关,与海拔高度呈显著负相关;单宁与3月份气温呈显著正相关,而与土壤pH值呈显著负相关;总糖则与土壤速效K呈显著负相关。In order to study how the nutrition in P. edulis ‘Pachyloen＇ bamboo shoots varies with planting locations, as well as the response mechanism to the environment, we used numerous methods, including variance of analysis, Duncan＇s new multiple range method, and correlation coefficient, to analyze nutrient contents in the bamboo shoots from 11 planting sites and their correlations with the environmental factors, such as climate, altitude, and soil. The results showed that the contents of total sugar, starch, crude fiber, and vitamin B1 in the bamboo shoots from different plantings differed greatly, yet the differences in protein, tannin, and vitamin E were relatively small. The effects of different environmental factors on the nutritional quality of bamboo shoots were different. Precipitation, sunshine duration, and altitude showed very significant influence（P0.01） on shoot nutrition quality. Alkaline nitrogen, rapidly available P, organic matter, and pH value had significant influence（P0.05） on shoot nutrition. The nutritional responses in different bamboo shoots to environmental factors were different. The responses of crude fiber, protein, and total sugar to the environmental factors were sensitive; starch was relatively sensitive; yet tannin, vitamin B1, and vitamin E were not sensitive. The content of crude fiber was significantly positively correlated with the soil pH, alkaline hydrolytic nitrogen, and organic matter, while it was significantly negatively correlated with the altitude, temperature in March, and the total nitrogen in the soil. The starch content was significantly positively correlated with precipitation, while it was significantly negatively correlated with the altitude. The tannin content was significantly positively correlated with the temperature in March, while it was significantly negatively correlated with the soil pH. The total sugar content was significantly negatively correlated with the rapidly available K in the soil.

关 键 词：厚竹 竹笋营养 地域变异 环境因子 响应机制 

分 类 号：S795[农业科学—林木遗传育种]