法院“案多人少”的应对困境及其出路——以民事案件为中心的分析  

The Dilemma of Few Judges for Many Cases and Its Way out:Focusing on the Civil Cases

作　　者：张海燕[1] Zhang Haiyan(Law School, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, P. R. Chin)

机构地区：[1]山东大学法学院

出　　处：《山东大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2018年第2期48-58,共11页Journal of Shandong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"案多人少应对视角下我国督促程序激活之实证研究"(17BFX050);"山东大学青年学者未来计划"(YSPSDU)

摘　　要："案多人少"是目前我国法院系统的一个实践问题。"案多人少"的现有应对之策陷入如下困境:员额制下增人不现实;减案是治本之策,但提高诉讼门槛迫使当事人远离诉讼欠缺正当性;多元化纠纷解决机制因权威性不足影响运行实效;深度挖潜提高诉讼效率已达边际。即便是当下法院颇为倚重的繁简分流,也因存在内在逻辑冲突而制约其运行实效。在我国2002 2014年民事诉讼案件的结案方式中,撤诉和调解结案率共计60%左右。可见,通过撤诉和调解结案的纠纷中蕴含着当事人能够和解的极大可能性,这为扩展调解程序的强制性适用提供了现实基础;并且还应对审前准备程序进行实质化改造,使其具有独立分流案件的程序功能。At present,the problem of few judges for many cases is extremely serious in our court system.Coping with few judges for many cases is nothing more than increasing judges,reducing cases,and improving the efficiency of litigation.Increasing judges under the specified number of personnel system is impractical;reducing cases is a radical measure,nevertheless raising litigation threshold to force parties away from litigation lacks of legitimacy,and the multiple dispute settlement mechanism runs inefficiently for lacking authority;deep tapping potentials to improve litigation efficiency has reached the limit.Nowadays courts rely heavily on simplified diversion,but there is inherent logic conflict.Hence,this article converts visual angle and makes a structural analysis of the main closing-case-methods of China＇s civil litigation cases in 2002-2014.It is found that the ending rate of withdrawal and mediation is 60%altogether,and the disputes settled through withdrawal and mediation contain the great possibility that parties can reconcile,which provides a realistic basis for extending the mandatory application of conciliation proceedings.In addition,the pretrial preparation procedure should be substantially transformed so as to fulfill its procedural function of independently diverting cases.

关 键 词：“案多人少” 繁简分流 强制调解 审前准备程序 

分 类 号：D926.2[政治法律—法学]