镍职业暴露对作业工人外周血淋巴细胞亚群的影响  

Effects of occupational exposure to nickel on the lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of workers

作　　者：李云霞[1] 孟涛[1] 梅良英 苗盼盼[1] 沈美丽[1] 戴宇飞[1] LI Yun-xia1, MENG Tao1, MEI Liang-ying2, MIAO Pan-pan1, SHEN Mei-li1, DAI Yu-fei1(1.Key Laboratory of Safety and Health, National Institute of Occupational Health and Poisoning Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China; 2.Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, Chin)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所化学污染与健康安全重点实验室,北京100050 [2]湖北省疾病预防控制中心职业病防治研究所,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2018年第3期260-265,共6页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：十二五国家科技支撑计划资助项目(编号:2014BAI12B02)

摘　　要：[目的]探讨镍职业暴露对作业工人外周血淋巴细胞亚群的影响。[方法]选择70名镍作业工人为暴露组,126名非镍作业工人为对照组,使用硫酸镍斑贴实验将暴露组分为斑贴阴性组和斑贴阳性组。乙炔-空气火焰原子吸收光谱法检测暴露工厂车间空气中镍浓度,电感耦合等离子体质谱法及外标法获得皮肤暴露镍浓度,分光光度法检测研究对象尿镍浓度。EDTA抗凝静脉血做常规分析,流式细胞技术检测外周血淋巴细胞亚群百分比,并结合二者获得外周血淋巴细胞亚群绝对值。t检验比较暴露组与对照组、斑贴阴性组与斑贴阳性组淋巴细胞亚群等指标的差异,Pearson相关分析尿镍水平、暴露工龄与淋巴细胞亚群等指标的相关性,一般线性模型分析吸烟与暴露的交互作用。[结果]暴露组作业工人斑贴阳性者共14人(阳性率20%),尿镍水平[M(P_(25),P_(75))]高于对照组[13.60(7.35,28.76)vs 6.02(3.93,10.97)μg/L,P=0.000],外周血白细胞、中性粒细胞及CD4^+/CD8^+高于对照组[分别为(7.03±1.67)×10~9/L vs(6.23±1.35)×10~9/L,(4.54±1.45)×10~9/L vs(3.71±1.07)×10~9/L,(1.68±0.72)vs(1.27±0.43),均P<0.05],CD8^+T细胞、NK细胞和血小板低于对照组[分别为(0.52±0.26)×10~9/L vs(0.60±0.22)×10~9/L,(0.34±0.18)×10~9/L vs(0.45±0.25)×10~9/L,(200.66±69.01)×10~9/L vs(229.85±51.48)×10~9/L,均P<0.05]。总人群CD4^+/CD8^+与尿镍水平呈正相关(r=0.152,P=0.037);未发现暴露工龄长短与外周血淋巴细胞亚群等指标存在相关关系(P>0.05)。[结论]镍职业暴露可致作业工人外周血CD4^+/CD8^+增高,CD8^+T细胞、NK细胞降低。[Objective] To assess the effects of occupational nickel exposure on lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of workers.[Methods] A total of 70 nickel exposed workers （exposed group） and 126 unexposed workers （control group） were recruited. Patch test with nickel sulfate was performed to distinguish a patch-negative subgroup and a patch-positive subgroup from the exposed group. The level of nickel in workplace air was measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry, skin nickel by in ductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, urinary nickel by dimethylglyoxime spectrophotometry, venous blood samples with EDTA anticoagulant by routine blood test, and lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood by flow cytometry, and combined with the latter two to obtain the absolute value of lymphocyte subsets. The t-test was used to compare the differences of lymphocyte subset count between the exposed group and the control group and between the patch-negative group and the patch-positive group. The Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlations of lymphocyte subset count in peripheral blood with urinary nickel level and length of exposure, and the general linear model was used to analyze the interaction between smoking and exposure.[Results] In the exposed group, there were 14 positive spots and the positive rate was 20%. The urinary nickel level[M（P25, P75）] was higher in the exposed group than in the control group[13.60 （7.35, 28.76） vs 6.02 （3.93, 10.97） μg/L, P=0.000]. The leukocyte, neutrophil, and value of CD4＋/CD8＋ in peripheral blood were higher than the control group[（7.03±1.67）×109/L vs （6.23±1.35）×109/L, （4.54±1.45）×109/L vs （3.71±1.07）×109/L, （1.68±0.72） vs （1.27±0.43）, respectively, Ps 〈 0.05], while the CD8＋T cells, NK cells, and platelets were lower than those of the control group[（0.52±0.26）×109/L vs （0.60±0.22）×109/L, （0.34±0.18）×109/L vs （0.45±0.25）×109/L, （200.66±69.01）×109/L vs （229.85±51.48）×109/L, respe

关 键 词：镍职业暴露 淋巴细胞亚群 CD8+T细胞 NK细胞 

分 类 号：R144.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]