2012-2015年某院金黄色葡萄球菌临床分布及耐药性分析  

Analysis of clinical distribution and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in a hospital between 2012 and 2015

作　　者：樊芙蓉[1] 王华[1] 张亚妮[1] 庄东明[2] 吴雪嵩 吕刚 张振杰[4] 赵英会[4] FAN Fu-rong, WANG Hua, ZHANG Ya-ni, ZHUANG Dong-ming, WU Xue-song, LV Gang, ZHANG Zhen-jie, ZHAO Ying-hui(Baoji People ＇s Hospital, Clinical Laboratory, Baoji, Shaanxi 721000, Chin)

机构地区：[1]宝鸡市人民医院检验科,陕西宝鸡721000 [2]泰山医学院公共卫生学院,山东泰安271000 [3]山东医药技师学院,山东泰安271016 [4]泰山医学院病原生物学教研室病原生物学研究所山东省高等学校新发传染病病因流行病学实验室,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2018年第6期1105-1108,1126,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2013HM033;ZR2013HL060);泰山医学院重大科研专项(2014GCC10);泰安市科研课题(2015NS2098;2016NS1074;2016NS1089);大学生创新计划(201610439006;201610439040;201510439104);山东省中医药科技发展计划(2015-259);泰安市科技发展计划(201540707)

摘　　要：目的了解某院金黄色葡萄球菌的临床分布及对常用抗菌药物的耐药性,为临床合理使用抗生素和医院感染控制提供依据。方法回顾性分析该院2012-2015年金黄色葡萄球菌的临床分布及耐药特点。采用VITEK-2 Compact药敏仪对可疑菌落进行鉴定和药敏检测;使用WHONET 5.6软件和SPSS17.0软件统计分析。结果 4年间分离菌株总株数6 777株,检出金黄色葡萄球菌632株,其中耐甲氧西林177株,甲氧西林敏感455株,金黄色葡萄球菌、耐甲氧西林株、甲氧西林敏感株检出率均低于全国平均水平。SA对青霉素G、红霉素、克林霉素耐药率为94.5%、73.6%、60.0%,对苯唑西林、阿米卡星、利福平、左旋氧氟沙星、复方新诺明总的耐药率均小于30%,对利奈唑胺、万古霉素、替考拉宁不耐药;MRSA对青霉素G、苯唑西林、阿米卡星、利福平、左旋氧氟沙星、红霉素、克林霉素的耐药率均高于MSSA,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论该院金黄色葡萄球菌总体控制较好,但耐药率较高,耐甲氧西林和甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌呈多重耐药性且耐药率高。Objective To understand the clinical distribution and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus, and to provide the basis for the rational use of antibiotics and the hospital control of the bacteria. Methods The clinical distribution and drug resistance of 632 strains of staphylococcus aureus from 2012 to 2015 in a hospital were retrospectively analyzed. VITEK-2 was used to identify the suspected colonies and the drug susceptibility of them. The statistics was conducted with WHONET5.6 and SPSS17.0. Results A total of 6 777 strains of bacteria were isolated in the past 4 years, 632 strains of them were Staphylococcus aureus, 177 strains of them were Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and 455 strains of them were Methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. The detection rate of Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus were lower than national average. The resistance rations of Staphylococcus aureus to Penicillin G, Erythromycin and Clindamycin were 94.5%, 73.6% and 60%, respectively, to Oxacillin, Amikacin, Rifampicin, Levofloxacin and Cotrimoxazole were less than 30%, to Linezolid, Vancomycin and Teicoplanin were all 0%. The resistance rations of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus to Penicillin G, Oxacillin,Amikacin, Rifampin, Levofloxacin, Erythromycin and Clindamycin were more than that of Methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The control of Staphylococcus aureus in the hospital is better than that in other hospitals, but the resistance ration is high. Multiple drug resistance and high resistance are found IN Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus.

关 键 词：金黄色葡萄球菌 耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌 甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌 抗菌药物 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]