稀有鮈鲫被皮、呼吸与心血管系统组织学观察  

Histological Observation of Skin,Respiration and Cardiovascular Systems of Gobiocypris

作　　者：赵颖[1] 赵德明[1] 王剑伟[2] 周向梅[1] 李爱华[2] 杨利峰[1] ZHAO Ying;ZHAO Deming;WANG Jianwei;ZHOU Xiangmei;LI Aihua;YANG Lifeng(China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;Instiute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan 430072, China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学,北京100193 [2]中国科学院水生生物研究所,武汉430072

出　　处：《实验动物科学》2018年第1期8-14,共7页Laboratory Animal Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(No.2017YFD051600)

摘　　要：目的本文对成体的雌性和雄性稀有鮈鲫进行了系统性的组织学观察和描述,为以该动物为实验对象的研究进一步完善动物背景材料和理论基础。方法采用的成体稀有鮈鲫由中科院水生生物研究所提供。用Bouin's液对样品固定24 h至48 h后进行脱钙,流水轻柔冲洗表面去除样品表面残余的酸液,对样品的整体和局部采取矢状面与冠状面进行双向修块,梯度酒精脱水后浸入松油醇透明,包埋蜡块制作3μm厚度的切片,按Hematoxylin&Eosin染色标准流程完成染色制片后于镜下观察,并对其各个脏器按照各个系统的顺序依次进行了组织学照片的拍摄及描述。结果稀有鮈鲫的皮肤分为表皮层和真皮层,表皮外侧被覆角质化的鳞片,不能同无鳞鱼类一般通过皮肤呼吸,故其呼吸作用主要在鳃部进行。作为携氧工具的稀有鮈鲫的红细胞,如禽类的红细胞一般具有未退化的细胞核,从切片上可以看到在其心脏(分为静脉窦、心房、心室和具高度弹性的动脉四个部分)和血管(动静脉、毛细血管)中均有大量充盈。结论本文对稀有鮈鲫的皮肤以及呼吸系统、心血管系统的器官进行了较为完整的组织学形态描述,可为以之为实验对象的研究提供较为可靠的理论参考。Objective The research is concerned primarily with genomics, proteomics and hormone so far in ecology, toxicology, parasites and aquaculture. In this paper, the histological description was given by systematically histological observation of normal male and female Gobiocypris rarus, which provides a more detailed background and theoretical basis of this experimental animal. Method Gobiocypris rarus in the experiment was provide by Insitute of Hydrobiology （CAS）. The fish was fixed in Bouin＇s fluid for 24 -48 hours and then washed with running water slightly, and put into decalcifying fluid. Then each fish was cut into several small pieces. The samples were dehydrated with alcohol and terpilenol. The specimen in solid paraffin was cut into serial slices with thickness of 3 Ixm. According to the routine protocol, the slices were dyed by Hematoxylin and Eosin （H＆E） staining. Transverse and sagittal section pictures of the fish were collected by a optical microscope. Result Gobiocypris rarus, a member of the Gobioninae subfamily, belongs to the Osteichthyes. The skin of Gobiocypris rarus is composed of an outer epidermis and a underlying dermis, which forms the external protection of body against mechanical injury and noxious agents. Scales can be seen on the surface of the skin, which means Gobiocypris rarus using its gills, rathan than the skin, to breathe. In Gobiocypris rarus, like in other non- mammalian vertebrates, erythrocytes are oval in shape and always contain a nucleus, which spread in heart, arteries, veins and vessels. Under microscope, the sinus venosus, the atrium, the ventricle and the highly elastic bulbus arteriosus, these four chambers compose heart. Conclusion As a specific fish in China, the skin and the organs of respiratory and cardiovascular systems in Gobiocypris rarus were systemly observed and decribed in histology. The result realibly offers a theoretical basis to experiments with the animal.

关 键 词：稀有鮈鲫 组织形态学 被皮 呼吸系统 心血管系统 

分 类 号：Q954.6[生物学—动物学]