苏北滩涂围垦区土壤碳氮磷含量及其生态化学计量特征  

Effects of Reclamation Activity on Soil C, N and P Contents and the Stoichiometric Characteristics of Coastal Wetland in Northern Jiangsu Province

作　　者：朱凤武[1,2] 徐彩瑶 濮励杰 陈一铭[3] 王小涵[3] ZHU Feng-wu;XU Cai-yao;PU Li-jie;CHEN Yi-ming;WANG Xiao-han(Institute of Land Surveying and Planning of Jiangsu, Nanjing 210024, China;The Key Laboratory of the Coastal Zone Exploitation and Protection, Ministry of Land and Resources, Nanjing 210023, China;School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省土地勘测规划院,江苏南京210024 [2]国土资源部海岸带开发与保护重点实验室,江苏南京210023 [3]南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《中国土地科学》2017年第12期77-83,共7页China Land Science

基　　金：国家自然科学重点基金"江苏沿海滩涂围垦土地质量变化过程与生态安全响应"(41230751);江苏省国土资源厅"江苏沿海地区国土空间规划"

摘　　要：研究目的:分析沿海围垦活动下土壤碳氮磷含量及其生态化学计量特征变化。研究方法:以江苏省东台围垦区为研究区,基于时空替代法进行土壤样品的采集和实验室分析。研究结果:在60年的围垦开发活动影响下,(1)0—100 cm土壤TOC含量由0.764 g/kg升至3.660 g/kg,TN含量从0.152 g/kg增至0.534 g/kg,TP含量由0.739 g/kg降至0.681 g/kg,而0—20 cm土壤中TOC、TN和TP含量分别从0.718 g/kg、0.127 g/kg和0.676 g/kg升至8.083 g/kg、1.052 g/kg和0.865 g/kg;(2)0—100 cm土壤C∶N先升高后降低,总体在6.797左右波动,C∶P由1.041升至5.082,N∶P从0.206增至0.752,0—20 cm土壤C∶N、C∶P和N∶P分别由5.581、1.052和0.188增至7.675、9.440和1.221;(3)不同土地利用方式下土壤TOC和TN含量及C∶N、C∶P和N∶P的总体趋势均为林地>耕地>草地>光滩,土壤深度对TOC、TN和TP含量变化的影响及贡献率高于围垦年限和土地利用方式,围垦年限和土地利用方式对土壤TOC和TN含量产生极显著的高度影响效应,但对TP含量无显著影响。研究结论:人类围垦活动促进滩涂土壤TOC和TN的积累,对TP的影响较小,围垦60年后的土壤碳氮含量仍低于全国和全球的平均水平,土壤有机质供肥状况较差。The purpose of this study is to reveal the impacts of reclamation on soil C, N and P contents and the stoichiometric characteristics. Based on ＂temporal-spatial substitution＂ method, eight reclamation areas were selected and analyzed according to the reclamation time series. The results indicated that given the influence of 60 years reclamation activities, 1 ）in （0-100）-cm soil profile, TOC content increased from 0.764 g/kg to 3.66 g/kg, TN content rose from 0.152 g/kg to 0.534 g/kg, and TP content decreased from 0.739 g/kg to 0.681 g/kg. TOC, TN and TP in （0-20）-cm soil increased from 0.718 g/kg to 8.083 g/kg, from 0.127 g/kg to 1.052 g/kg and from 0.676 g/kg to 0.865 g/kg, respectively.2）In （0-100）-cm soil, C：N increased first and then decreased with mean value of 6.797, soil C：P increased from 1.041 to 5.082; N：P increased from 0.206 to 0.752. In （0-20）-cm soil, soil C：N, C：P and N：P increased from 5.581 to 7.675, from 1.052 to 9.440 and from 0.188 to 1.221, respectively. 3）The general trend of soil TOC and TN contents as well as C ：N, C ： P and N：P under different land use/cover types were forest ~ cropland 〉 grassland 〉 tidal fiat. The effects of soil depth on TOC, TN and TP contents were higher than those of reclamation year and land use/cover types. The reclamation year and land use/cover types had significant effects on TOC and TN, but had no significant effect on TP. In conclusion, reclamation promoted the accumulation of soil TOC and TN, but had little influence on TP. However, carbon and nitrogen contents in the soil after reclamation for 60 years were still lower than the national and global average concentration.

关 键 词：土地整治 土壤生态 土壤碳氮磷生态化学计量 沿海滩涂湿地 围垦活动 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]