3D打印技术在新西兰兔颅骨修补中的初步研究  

Preliminarily study of 3D printing technique in rabbit skull repair

作　　者：王蕾 张毅[2] 王学建[2] 严红燕[2] 彭强 堵俊[3] WANG Lei1a, ZHANG Yi1b, WANG Xue-jian1b, YAN Hong-yan1b, PENG Qiang1a, DU Jun2(1. a. Department of Emergeney Center; b. Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China; 2. School of Electrical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, Chin)

机构地区：[1]南通大学第二附属医院急诊中心,江苏南通226001 [2]南通大学第二附属医院神经外科,江苏南通226001 [3]南通大学电气工程学院,江苏南通226019

出　　处：《生物医学工程与临床》2018年第2期129-132,共4页Biomedical Engineering and Clinical Medicine

基　　金：南通市科技计划项目(MS12015109;MS12015016)

摘　　要：目的通过比较新西兰兔三维(3D)打印辅助钛网与手工塑形钛网修补颅骨缺损的临床效果,初步探讨3D打印技术在颅骨修补中的意义。方法选用健康雄性新西兰兔36只,兔龄3~4个月,体质量(2.5±0.5)kg。采用颅骨开窗自由落体打击法制作颅脑缺损模型,按随机数字表分为对照组(手工塑形钛网修补组)、实验组(3D打印辅助钛网修补组),每组18只。对照组行手工塑形钛网修补,实验组行3D打印辅助钛网修补。统计颅骨缺损面积、塑形时间、术中钛钉数量、麻醉时间、并发症,并进行统计学分析。结果两组平均颅骨缺损面积、术中钛钉数量比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。实验组塑形时间[(8.51±1.30)min]、麻醉时间[(15.18±4.25)min]均较对照组[(12.20±1.51)min、(43.79±14.47)min]明显减少和缩短,差异均有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。对照组皮下积液1只,颅脑感染1只,硬膜外血肿1只,钛网松动2只,外露1只,术后并发症发生率33.3%;实验组皮下积液1只,术后并发症发生率5.6%;两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论运用3D打印技术对钛网进行数字化分析塑形,能缩短塑形时间,减少麻醉时间及风险,最大程度地还原颅骨缺损情况,值得临床推广应用。Objective To discuss the significance of three-dimensional（3 D） printing technique in skull repair of rabbit by comparing the clinical effects between 3 D printing auxiliary titanium mesh and manual plastic titanium mesh. Methods A total of 36 healthy male New Zealand white rabbits were selected, with aged 3-4 months and body weight of（2.5 ± 0.5） kg.The skull defect model was established by free falling fenestration method. All of the rabbits were divided into control group（n = 18, repaired by manual plastic titanium mesh） and experimental group（n = 18, repaired by 3 D printing auxiliary titanium mesh） by random number table. The skull defect area, molding time, intraoperative titanium spike number, anesthesia time and complications were recorded and analyzed. Results There was no statistical significant difference in mean skull defect area and titanium spike number between 2 groups（P〈0.05）. The molding time [（8.51 ± 1.30） minutes], anesthesia time [（15.18 ±4.25） minutes] of experimental group were significant shorter than those of control group[（12.20 ± 1.51） minutes] and [（43.79 ±14.47） minutes], and the differences were statistically significant（ P〈0.01）. The postoperative complication rate in control group was 33.3 %, which included 1 of subcutaneous hydrops, 1 of brain infection, 1 of epidural hematoma, one of epidural hematoma, 2 of titanium mesh loosening and 1 of expose. There was 1 of subcutaneous hydrops in experimental group, and complication rate was 5.6 %. The difference was statistically significant between 2 groups（P〈0.05）. Conclusion It is demonstrated that titanium mesh digital molding by 3 D printing technique will shorten time in molding and anesthesia, which will greatly re-duce the risk of skull defects and is worthy of clinical application.

关 键 词：3D打印技术 颅骨缺损 颅骨修补 钛网 手工塑形 兔 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]