氢分子电子基态的精密光谱  

Precision spectroscopy of the electronic ground state of the hydrogen molecule

作　　者：陶雷刚 刘安雯 孙羽 胡水明 Lei-Gang Tao, An-Wen Liu, Yu R. Sun, Shui-Ming Hu(Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, iChem Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Chin)

机构地区：[1]合肥微尺度物质科学国家实验室能源材料化学协同创新中心中国科学技术大学,合肥230026

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2018年第2期164-173,共10页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：中国科学院先导B项目(编号:XDB21020100);国家自然科学基金(编号:21688102;91436209;21427804)资助项目

摘　　要：氢分子是宇宙中含量最高的中性分子,也是目前唯一的可以仅从量子电动力学和基本物理常数出发、而不需要任何有效参数就能够实现高精密计算的分子体系,其精密光谱在天文观测、检验基本物理规律方面具有重要的意义.本文回顾了氢分子电子基态精密谱的理论计算和实验研究工作,并给出了对氢同位素HD分子V=2-0谱带R(1)谱线频率的精密测定结果,其相对精度达5×10^(-10),是目前最精确的氢分子振转跃迁.通过与理论计算结果的对比,展望了氢分子精密光谱在测定质子-电子质量比等基本物理常数方面的前景.H_2 is the most abundant molecule in the universe. It is also the only neutral molecule whose energy levels can be precisely calculated based on quantum electrodynamics and fundamental physical constants without using any adjustable parameters. Precision spectroscopy of the hydrogen molecule is of great importance in astrophysical observation and in testing fundamental physics as well. Here we review the theoretical and experimental spectroscopy studies of the electronic ground state of the hydrogen molecule. The frequency of the R（1） transition in the V=2-0 band of HD is also determined with an accuracy of 5×10^（-10）, which is the most precisely measured ro-vibrational transition of the hydrogen molecule to date. By comparing the calculated and experimental results, we present perspectives of the precision spectroscopy of the hydrogen molecule in the determination of fundamental physical constants such as the proton-electron mass ratio.

关 键 词：氢分子 振转光谱 精密测量 

分 类 号：O561.3[理学—原子与分子物理]