切花菊叶片的遗传多样性分析  

Genetic diversity analysis of cut chrysanthemum leaves

作　　者：沈凤 蒋逍逍 房伟民[1] 管志勇[1] 邓波[1] 陈发棣[1] SHEN Feng,JIANG Xiaoxiao, FANG Weimin, GUAN Zhiyong, DENG Bo, CHEN Fadi(College of Horticulture/Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agricuhure, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Chin)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院/农业部景观设计重点实验室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2018年第2期275-285,共11页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：农业部948项目(2016-X18);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(14)2023];江苏省农业三新工程项目[SXGC(2016)318];国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD01B070403);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(KYCYL201501)

摘　　要：[目的]在形态学水平上研究切花菊叶片的遗传多样性。[方法]对189个切花菊品种的12个叶部性状进行观测和统计,包括性状的分布分析、性状在品种内的稳定性和品种间的差异性分析以及主成分分析。[结果]叶长、叶宽、叶长/叶宽、顶生裂片相对于叶的长度、最低位一级裂刻深度和叶上表面绿色程度的数量性状符合正态分布。质量性状在品种群内的分布都不均匀。叶长、叶宽、叶柄相对于叶的长度、叶柄与茎的夹角、叶上表面绿色程度和叶基部形状,这6个性状同时符合品种内稳定性好和品种间差异明显的要求。对叶部形态影响最大的性状主要是顶生裂片相对于叶的长度、最低位一级裂刻深度、叶边缘锯齿数量和叶基部形状。叶部性状综合得分较高的品种有‘南农凯歌’‘南农朱雀’‘南农单金翠’‘南农紫庐’‘南农金焰’‘南农粉葵’‘欧元黄’和‘南农凯悦’等。[结论]切花菊叶片具有丰富的遗传多样性,顶生裂片相对于叶的长度、最低位一级裂刻深度、叶边缘锯齿数量和叶基部形状是引起切花菊叶部形态差异的主要原因。[Objectives]The genetic diversity of cut chrysanthemum leaves was studied on the morphology.[Methods]The 12 leaf traits of 189 cut chrysanthemums were observed and counted,including trait distribution analysis,stability analysis of traits in varieties,difference analysis of traits among varieties,as well as principal component analysis.[Results]The quantitative traits of leaf length,leaf width,leaf length/leaf width,length of apical lobe relative to leaf,depth of the lowest bit crack and green degree of leaf surface（c＊value） are in accordance with normal distribution.The distribution of quality traits in varieties is uneven.There are6 traits satisfying the requirements of having good stability within varieties and clear difference among varieties.They are the length of leaf,the width of leaf,the length of petiole relative to leaf,the angle between petiole and stem,the green degree of leaf surface and the shape of leaf base.The most influential traits on leaf morphology are the length of apical lobe relative to leaf,the depth of the lowest bit crack,the number of leaf serrates at margin and the shape of leaf base.The varieties having high comprehensive score on leaf traits are‘Nannongkaige＇‘Nannongzhuque＇‘Nannongdanjincui＇‘Nannongzilu＇‘Nannongjinyan＇‘Nannongfenkui＇‘Ouyuanhuang＇‘Nannongkaiyue＇,etc.[Conclusions]The leaves of cut chrysanthemum have rich genetic diversity.The main reasons for the difference of leaf morphology of cut chrysanthemum are the length of apical lobe relative to leaf,the depth of the lowest bit crack,the number of leaf serrates at margin and the shape of leaf base.

关 键 词：切花菊 叶片 形态学 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S682.11[农业科学—观赏园艺]