取食干旱胁迫小麦对黏虫及其寄生性斑痣悬茧蜂生长发育的影响  

Effects of drought stress on developmental performances of Mythimna separata and its parasitoid Meteorus pulchricornis

作　　者：侯佳丽 李保平 孟玲 HOU Jiali, LI Baoping, MENG Ling(College of Plant Protection/Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Minisity of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Chin)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学植物保护学院/农作物生物灾害综合治理教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2018年第2期302-307,共6页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0201000)

摘　　要：[目的]本研究旨在探究取食干旱胁迫下小麦的黏虫及其幼虫寄生性斑痣悬茧蜂的生长发育表现。[方法]采用聚乙二醇(PEG6000)模拟干旱条件,设置不同干旱胁迫水平(0、0.05、0.10和0.20 g·mL^(-1)PEG6000)处理盆栽小麦造成生理性干旱,然后接黏虫初孵幼虫于叶上取食直至成虫羽化,观察其生活史和形态特征;并以3龄幼虫为寄主供斑痣悬茧蜂寄生,观察寄生蜂生活史和形态特征。[结果]干旱胁迫小麦对黏虫的发育历期、存活率、蛹体鲜质量、成虫体干质量等有显著影响。与对照相比,高水平干旱胁迫(0.20 g·mL^(-1)PEG6000)下黏虫幼虫的发育历期延长4.60%,存活率降低21.00%,蛹体鲜质量下降11.76%,成虫体干质量减小33.33%。干旱胁迫处理对斑痣悬茧蜂子代蜂的卵+幼虫发育历期、茧鲜质量和雌成虫后足胫节长度具有显著影响。低水平干旱胁迫(0.05 g·mL^(-1)PEG6000)下显著延长斑痣悬茧蜂子代蜂幼虫的发育历期,从对照的9.55 d延长至10.15 d,但高水平干旱处理的发育历期与对照无显著差异;与对照相比,高水平干旱胁迫处理的蜂茧鲜质量下降0.31 mg,雌成虫后足胫节长度缩短近0.04 mm,而低水平干旱处理与对照无显著差异。[结论]干旱胁迫小麦对取食叶片的黏虫生长发育具有不利影响,并通过黏虫幼虫寄主对斑痣悬茧蜂子代蜂的生长发育产生间接负面影响。[Objectives]The study aimed at examining how drought stress on wheat plants influenced developmental performances of the caterpillar Mythimna separata feeding on the plants and its larval parasitoid Meteorus pulchricornis.[Methods]Drought treatments at varying levels of PEG6000 in water were applied to potted wheat seedlings,on which M.separata neonate larvae fed to complete the development.The 3 rd instar caterpillar was provided as the host to M.pulchricornis for parasitism.The host and its parasitoid developmental parameters were estimated.[Results]The drought treatment decreased M.separata larval duration,survival,pupa body fresh weight,and adult body dry weight,compared to the controls.Compared to the control,the high level drought treatment（0.20 g·mL-（-1） PEG6000） extended larval development time by 4.60%,reduced larval survival by 21.00%,reduced pupa weight by 11.76%,and decreased adult body weight by 33.33%.The low level drought（0.05 g·mL-（-1） PEG6000） extended M.pulchricornis egg-larval duration to10.15 d on average,as compared to the control（9.55 d）,while the high level was not different from the control.The high level of drought decreased parasitoid pupa body fresh weight by 0.31 mg and shortened female adult hind tibia length by ca.0.04 mm,as compared to the control,while the low level treatment was not different from the control.[Conclusions]The results of this study suggest that drought stress on wheat crop plants can impair the development of M.separata feeding on the plant and have an indirect,adverse effect on the development of the parasitoid M.pulchricornis attacking the larvae.

关 键 词：小麦 干旱胁迫 黏虫 斑痣悬茧蜂 植物与天敌互作 气候变化生物学 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学] S433.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]