中国前陆盆地异常高压气藏类型  

Types of abnormal high-pressure gas reservoir in foreland basins of China

作　　者：洪峰[1,2] 姜林[1,2] 卓勤功 鲁雪松[1,2] 马行陟[1,2] 郝加庆[1,2] Hong Feng1,2 ,Jiang Lin1,2 ,Zhuo Qin-gong1,2 ,Lu Xue-song1,2 ,Ma Xing-zhi1,2 ,Hao Jia qing1,2(1.PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Ea＇ploration ＆ Development ,Beij ing 100083 ,China; 2.Key Laboratory of Basin Structure ＆ Hydrocarbon Accumulation ,CNPC ,Beijing 100083 ,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [2]中国石油天然气集团公司盆地构造与油气成藏重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《天然气地球科学》2018年第3期317-327,共11页Natural Gas Geoscience

基　　金：国家油气重大专项(编号:2016ZX05003-002);中国石油天然气股份有限公司科学研究与技术开发项目(编号:2016B-0502)联合资助

摘　　要：前陆盆地普遍存在异常压力,异常压力与油气藏密切相关,深化异常压力在油气藏的分布规律及高压气藏类型刻画是对流体封存箱理论的补充。通过国内外典型前陆盆地异常高压分布特征及其与气藏关系的分析,重点剖析我国前陆盆地异常高压气藏,归纳出箱型、顶盖型和压力传递型3种异常高压气藏类型。指出箱型以构造稳定的源储叠置气藏为主,异常高压出现于生储盖层,主要由生烃增压和欠压实沉积形成;顶盖型以发育优质异常高压盖层气藏为主,储集层可以是常压或高压,异常高压主要由欠压实沉积、油气强充注和构造挤压引起;压力传递型以断裂活跃的次生气藏为主,异常高压由深部向浅部递减,主要是由于断裂导致泄压或保存条件变差及岩性变化引起的压力传导形成。上述不同异常高压气藏类型的提出对指导异常高压气藏的勘探、规避钻井事故有重要意义。Abnormal pressure commonly exists in the foreland basins which closely related to the oil and gas reservoir.Deep understanding of the distribution of abnormal pressure in reservoir and characterizing types of abnormal high pressure gas reservoir is a supplement to the theory of the fluid storage tank. In this pa per,the characteristics of abnormal high pressure distribution in typical foreland basins both at home and abroad and their relationship with gas reservoirs were analyzed in detail. Three types of abnormal high pressure gas reservoirs are identified,including box type,top seal type and pressure transfer type.The box type is mainly characterized by the reservoir of source reservoir superposition with stable structure.The ab normal high pressure occurs in the reservoir and the cap rock,which mainly results from hydrocarbon su percharging and under-compacting deposition.The top seal type is predominated by high pressure in the cap rock,while the pressure in the reservoir is normal or abnormal high pressure.The abnormal high pressure may be caused by under-compacted deposition,strong oil and gas filling and tectonic compression.The pressure transfer type is dominated by secondary gas reservoirs with active tectonic.The pressure has a decrea- sing trend from deep to shallow, which is mainly sourced from the formation of pressure conduction caused by pressure relief or deterioration of storage conditions and lithological changes caused by fracture. The types of abnormal high-pressure gas reservoirs have a great significance to the exploration of abnormal high-pressure gas reservoirs and avoid accidents of drilling in foreland basins.

关 键 词：前陆盆地 异常压力 异常高压 压力系数 气藏类型 

分 类 号：TE122.3[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]