震动压实作用特征及其油气地质意义  

Characteristics of vibration compaction and its oil-gas geological significance

作　　者：张丹锋[1] 胡文瑞[2] 李莉[1] 侯秀林[1] 吕洲 周杨 张洋[1] 王丽宁[1] Zhang Dan-feng1, Hu Wen-rui2, Li Li1, Hou Xiu-lin1 ,Lu Zhou1 ,Zhou Yang1 ,Zhang Yang1 ,Wang Li-ning1(1.PetroChina Researck Institute of Petroleum Exploration ＆ Development ,Beijing 100083 ,China ; 2.CNPC Advisory Centre ,Beijing 100724 ,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [2]中国石油天然气集团公司咨询中心,北京100724

出　　处：《天然气地球科学》2018年第3期328-336,共9页Natural Gas Geoscience

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(编号:2017ZX05013-006)资助

摘　　要：与机械压实作用相比,震动压实作用由于其特殊的成因,对储层物性的影响更大,对其开展研究显得更为重要。以在柴达木盆地乌南油田古近系首次发现的软沉积变形构造的岩心、薄片以及分析化验等定性定量资料为基础,系统阐述了震动压实作用的宏观、微观特征,定量研究了其压实强度,分析讨论了其形成机理、演化过程以及对储层物性的影响和油气地质意义。结果表明,随着成岩作用的演化,震动压实作用宏观上发育波状岩层、砂岩脉、石香肠、液化负载构造、扁豆状、球枕状和火焰状构造等特征,微观上发育颗粒间中等强度接触、刚性颗粒被压折、碎边、双晶错位、塑性颗粒形变、颗粒波状消光、软韧性颗粒塑性变形、颗粒定向排列等特征。由于液化震荡的作用,储层一般中等压实,很少达到强压实,颗粒接触关系以点、线接触为主。通常形成震动压实—泥质胶结成岩相,因泥质含量的不同分别形成低渗、特低渗、超低渗或者致密型储层,甚至成为良好的盖层。由于沉积分异作用,极易形成源储共生型油气藏,首选有利目标区通常是泥质含量相对较低、震动压实作用强度相对较弱的区块。Compared with mechanical compaction, study on vibration compaction is more important because of its special cause and the greater impact on the physical properties of the reservoir.Based on the qualita- tive data such as cores, thin sections and analysis tests of soft-sediment deformation structure first discovered in the Palaeogene in Wunan Oilfield of Qaidam Basin,this paper systematically stated the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of vibration compaction, studied the compaction strength quantificationally, and discussed not only the formation mechanism with evolution process but also the influence on the reser-voir physical properties as well as oil and gas geological significance.The results show that,with the evolution of diagenesis, the vibrating compaction has macroscopic development of wave like rock, sandstone vein,stone sausage, liquefied load capsule, lenticular-like, ball-and-pillow and flame-like structures. And it developed medium strength contacting between grains, rigid grains backfin, borders crush, double crystal dislocation, plastic grain deformation, grain wavy extinction, soft ductile grain plastic deformation, grain o- rientation and other phenomena in microscopic scales. In general, medium-compacting and rarely compac tion of reservoir are achieved due to the action of liquefaction and shock.And the contact relationship is u- sually point and line contacts between the grains. As a rule, it conducts vibratory compaction-argillaceous cementation diagenetic facies ,and due to different levels of shale, it forms such as low permeability, ultra low permeability,ultra-low permeability or dense reservoir,and even becomes a good cap. Because of the sedimentation differentiation,it is easy to form the source reservoir symbiosis reservoir.The favorable target area is usually the block with lower mud content and weaker vibration compaction.

关 键 词：震动压实 地震 软沉积变形 成岩演化 储层物性 有利目标 

分 类 号：TE122.2[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]