巷道顶板锚固体应力波传播特性数值试验与应用  

Numerical test and application of propagation characteristics of stress wave on roadway roof anchored body

作　　者：樊克松[1,2] 申宝宏[1,2] 刘少伟[3] 焦建康 FAN Kesong1＇2, SHEN Baohong1＇2, LIU Shaowei3, JIAO Jiankang1＇2(1. Coal Mining Research Branch, China Coal Research Institute, Beijing 100013, China; 2. Coal Mining ＆ Designing Department, Tiandi Science ＆ Technology Co Ltd, Beijing 100013, China; 3. School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, Chin)

机构地区：[1]煤炭科学研究总院开采研究分院,北京100013 [2]天地科技股份有限公司开采设计事业部,北京100013 [3]河南理工大学能源科学与工程学院,河南焦作454003

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2018年第2期245-253,共9页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51104055);煤炭科学研究总院科技创新基金项目(2015ZYJ001)

摘　　要：煤矿巷道顶板树脂锚杆锚固质量应力波法无损检测的实质在于准确测试并分析应力波的传播特性,目前对锚固体中应力波传播特性的认识并不全面。本文数值计算不同围岩类型、不同岩层组合、不同密实度、不同工作载荷锚固体模型中应力波的传播特性。数值计算结果表明锚固体不同失稳模式下的波导特征存在差异性,即:锚固体中波速与围岩岩性具有很好的相关性,依据波速可识别围岩岩性;层状锚固体围岩分界面处应力波发生反射,根据反射特征和反射时间可确定岩层属性和位置;提出一种依据底端反射波幅值比判断密实度的方法;围岩越"坚硬",锚杆横向振动固有频率越大,且高阶固有频率与轴向工作荷载近似呈线性关系。利用开发的无损检测仪现场测试分析了顶板锚固体中应力波的频率域曲线,依据测试的横向振动频率曲线可判别顶板锚固体的失稳模式,对于易失稳的顶板便于采取及时主动加固措施避免灾害发生。The essence of using the NDT of stress wave to detect the anchoring quality on resin bolt in the coal mine roadway roof is to accurately test and analyze the stress wave propagation characteristics. But cognitions on propagation characteristics of stress wave of anchored body is limit at present. In this paper, the stress wave propagation characteristics of anchored body models which conclude different surrounding rocks, rock compositions, anchorage compactness and working loads is calculated by the numerical calculations. Results show that waveguide characteristics of different instability modes of anchored body are different： the wave velocity of anchored body is extremely relevant to the lithology of surrounding rock. According to the wave velocity we can discern the latter; the stress wave begins to reflect in the interface of layered anchored body, the rock＇s property and location on the basis of reflection character and reflection time can be conformed; A method of judging the anchorage compactness according to amplitude ratio of bottom reflected wave is put forward. The harder of surrounding is, the greater the natural frequency of transverse vibration. The high order natural frequency and axial load approximate is a linear relationship. Using the nondestructive instrument which is a self-developed product, we can test and analyze the stress wave propagation characteristics of roof anchored body. According to the vibration frequency curve of bolt, we can distinguish the instability mode of roof anchored body. In terms of unstable roof anchored body, we can manage timely initiative reinforcement measure to avoid the disaster.

关 键 词：顶板锚固体 锚固质量 无损检测 应力波传播特性 失稳模式 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]