动态流图法对核电厂数字化仪控系统的可靠性评价  

Dynamic Flowgraph Methodology Used in Reliability Analysis of Digital Instrumentation and Control System in NPP

作　　者：周世梁[1,2] 王浩 田聪[1] ZHOU Shi-liang 1,2, WANG Hao 1,2, TIAN Cong 1(1. North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China ;2. Key Laboratory of Passive Safety Technology for Nuclear Energy, Beijing 102206, Chin)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学,北京102206 [2]非能动核能安全技术实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《核科学与工程》2018年第1期88-98,共11页Nuclear Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71301049);中央高校基本科研基金(2016MS60;2016MS39)

摘　　要：基于软件和微处理器的数字化技术已广泛应用于核电厂仪表与控制(I&C)系统。近十年来,在建或部分已投运的核电厂均已采用全数字化仪表与控制系统(DI&CS)进行参数的监控与控制。核电厂控制系统的全数字化极大提高了控制系统的性能。由于DI&CS运行过程中存在动态交互,传统静态故障树分析(FTA)不能描述这种动态的交互特性,而动态流图法(DFM)可较好地描述系统间的各种动态交互。因此采用DFM评价核电厂DI&CS自动功率控制系统(APC)的可靠性。给定三组初始条件,即传感器故障、输出闭锁装置与主处理器故障和主辅处理器故障,利用DFM的归纳分析,得出了存在对应故障情况下控制棒实际位移与正常条件下的偏差;给定义当前时刻控制棒实际位移较正常条件下偏小的顶事件,利用DFM演绎分析,得出顶事件发生贡献最大的原因为当前时刻SRB(输出闭锁装置)切换失效,主处理器输出偏小,其他节点正常的故障组合。Software and microprocessor based digital techniques have been widely applied in digital instrumentation and control system （ DI＆CS ） of nuclear power plant （NPP）. Many under construction or operation NPPs have utilized DI＆CS to monitor and control some critical processes/parameters in a decade. The implementation of full DI＆CS has greatly improved the performance of control system. Tradition Fault-Tree Analysis （FTA） cannot describe the dynamic interaction in DI＆CS and dynamic flowgraph methodology （DFM） can describe these features. Therefore, DFM is adopted to assess the reliability of automatic power control system （APC） in NPP DI＆CS. Given three initial conditions, namely sensor failure, SRB and main processor together fails and main/backup processor fails at present, analyzed inductively by DFM, A deviation of control rod position shift （CSP） is obtained by corresponding failure conditions. Given a small deviation of CSP state, analyzed deductively by DFM, the most probably basic event/fault combinations （Prime Implicants ） contribute to the top event can be derived, namely the combination failure of SRB （output latch） switch off, output of Main processor failure low, the others are normal at present.

关 键 词：可靠性分析 动态流图法 DI&CS 自动功率控制系统 

分 类 号：TL362[核科学技术—核技术及应用]