中国家庭收入不平等的动态演进——基于Piketty百分位数结构分析  

Dynamic Evolution of Household Income Inequality in China:Based on Piketty Percentile Structural Analysis

作　　者：刘长庚[1] 刘娜[1] LIU Chang-geng,LIU Na(School of Business ,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105, Chin)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学商学院,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《人口与发展》2018年第2期2-13,共12页Population and Development

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目<我国收入分配体制改革动态跟踪和效果评估研究>(项目号:12&ZD049);国家社科基金一般项目<生育政策调整;住户规模效应与中国家庭收入不平等研究>(项目号:16BJL041);湖南省社科基金一般项目<基于家户视角的中国收入分配现状与调控政策优化选择>(项目号:14YBA356);湖南省教育厅创新平台开放基金项目<基于Piketty百分位数结构分析的中国家庭收入不平等研究>(项目号:17K094)

摘　　要：利用家庭人均收入和家庭总收入指标测度了我国家庭收入差距水平,同时基于Piketty百分位数结构分析法着重考察了我国家庭收入不平等的内在结构。CHNS数据分析显示,1997-2011年我国家庭人均收入基尼系数在0.4298至0.5271间波动,家庭总收入基尼系数则在0.4343与0.5057之间,总体呈倒"U"型走势。结构上,我国高收入家庭持续占据着社会总收入的较大部分,收入分配结构呈"倒金字塔"型。农村家庭、中西部地区家庭、青年户主家庭在社会分配中处于不利地位。建议密切关注家庭人口构成及就业状况对收入差距的动态影响,防止收入差距反弹扩大。This paper estimates China household income gap based on both indexes of the household incomes per capita which takes family as a unit and the household total income. It also draws novel insights on the structure of China household income inequality based on Piketty percentile structural analysis. Data analysis using CHNS exhibits that, the Gini coefficient of household incomes per capita is among 0.4298 and 0.5271, and the Gini coefficient of household total income is among 0.4343 and 0. 5057. It shows an upward trend at the very beginning, but goes down after the peak in 2006. It certificates that the widening income gap in China has been got rid of. Turn to the structure of inequality, those reach households obtain major social income to a great extent, which leads to a reversed pyramid. Those households in rural area, the middle and west China and of young master are at an unfair disadvantage. The effect of household demographic and employment features on income gap should be paid more attention.

关 键 词：家庭 中国家庭营养健康调查 收入差距 结构分析 Piketty收入分布表 动态演进 

分 类 号：F126.2[经济管理—世界经济]