最大力量与快速力量、功能性力量之间的实证探究——基于不同运动项目的测试  

Empirical Research Between the Maximum Force and Speed Force and Functional Strength:Based on Tests of Different Sports Events

作　　者：宋娜梅 崔鑫[2] 李冰琼[3] SONG Na-mei1,CUI Xin2,LI Bing-qiong3(1. School of Physical Education, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China; 2. Sports Department, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, Shandong China; 3. College of Physical Education, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, Chin)

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学体育与健康科学学院,重庆401331 [2]哈尔滨工业大学(威海)体育部,山东威海264209 [3]重庆文理学院体育学院,重庆402160

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2018年第2期109-114,共6页Journal of Beijing Sport University

基　　金：重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学研究项目(项目编号:14ske05)

摘　　要：目的:探究和论证体能训练中最大力量与快速力量、最大力量与功能性力量之间的正负向关系及强度。方法:采用测试、调研及实验法分别完成了对举重、游泳、艺术体操、自行车及部分体育专业学生的数据采集与论证。结果:1)最大力量与快速力量在不同的运动项目中均表现出正向相关关系(r>0.30),但随着运动员运动水平的增加,快速力量对运动水平的影响作用更大,且两者对运动水平的影响存在明显地交互效应(E_(ta)~2=0.152~0.772);2)最大力量(负重抗组)与功能性力量训练均能够提高运动员的最大力量(两种训练中卧推分别提高了17.8%和15.4%;深蹲分别提高了18.5%和16.3%),但不存在显著差异。结论:1)最大力量与快速力量之间的逻辑关系应是在最大力量基础上发展快速力量,随着运动水平的增加应注意快速力量训练方法的选择与比例;2)功能性力量训练对最大力量的增长有积极地意义,它和最大力量对运动水平的影响应该是一种内外兼修的关系。Objective： This study aimed to explore and demonstrate the positive or negative relationship between the maximal force and speed force and functional strength. Methods： Data of weightlifting,swimming,rhythmic gymnastics and bicycle players and some students with sports major was collected by test and investigation. Results：1） There was a positive correlation between the maximum force and the speed force in different sports events（ r〉 0. 30）,both of them affected athletes＇ level especially the speed force,and showed interactive effects（ Eta^2=0. 152-0. 772）; 2） the maximum force training（ resistance training） and functional strength training improved the maximum force of the athletes（ bench press in two kinds of training increased the maximum force by 17. 8% and 15. 4% ; the squat increased that by 18. 5% and 16. 3% ）,but there was no difference between the two. Conclusions： 1） The logic of developing the maximum force and speed force should be to develop speed force on the basis of the maximum force; the choice and proportion of the speed force training method should be paid attention to; 2） functional strength has positive effect on the maximum force development,both should be a relationship between inside and outside.

关 键 词：体能训练 最大力量 快速力量 功能性力量 

分 类 号：G808.1[文化科学—体育训练]