2016年河北省矽尘作业工人职业健康检查  

Occupational health examination of workers exposed to silicon dust in Hebei Province in 2016

作　　者：李增敏[1] 何洁[1] 赵春香[1] 冀荷香[1] 张晓娜[1] 郑卉[1] LI Zeng-min, HE Jie, ZHAO Chun-xiang, JI tte-xiang, ZHANG Xiao-na, ZHENG Hui(Institute of Occupational Health and Occupational Disease Prevention, Hebei Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang Hebei, 050021, Chin)

机构地区：[1]河北省疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与职业病防治所,河北石家庄050021

出　　处：《职业与健康》2018年第3期302-304,308,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解矽尘作业工人的健康状况,为制定河北省矽肺病防治对策提供依据。方法通过"职业病与职业卫生信息监测系统"及"体检软件录入系统"收集2016年河北省《职业健康检查个案》资料,分析河北省矽尘作业工人尘肺样改变分布情况。结果 35 556名矽尘作业工人中尘肺样改变185例,占0.52%;尘肺样改变检出率:小型企业高于大、中、微型企业;私有经济企业高于国有经济、集体经济、港澳台经济、外商经济企业;采矿业高于制造业、建筑业、批发和零售业等行业。男性明显高于女性;≥30年工龄段和≥50岁年龄段矽尘作业工人尘肺样改变检出率最高,且随着矽尘作业工人年龄的增长,尘肺样改变检出率存在递增趋势,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论河北省矽尘职业危害比较严重,接尘工人的健康问题不容忽视,用人单位矽尘防治工作亟待加强。[Objective]To understand the health status of workers exposed to silicon dust, provide evidence for developing the silicosis disease prevention and control countermeasures in Hebei Province. [Methods] Through the Occupational diseases and occupational health information monitoring system and the Medical software entry system, the data of occupational health examination cases in Hebei Province in 2016 were collected, to analyze the distribution of pneumoconiosis like changes among workers exposed to silicon dust. [Results] There were 185 cases of pneumoconiosis like changes among 35 556 workers exposed to silicon dust, accounting for 0.52%. The detection rate of pneumoconiosis like changes in small businesses was higher than that in large, medium and micro enterprises, the detection rate in private economic enterprises was higher than that in state-owned economy enterprises, collective economy enterprises, Hongkong, Macao and Taiwan economic enterprises and foreign economic enterprises, and the detection rate in mining industry was higher than that in manufacturing industry, construction industry,wholesale and retail trading. The detection rate in males was significantly higher than that in females. The detection rates of pneumoconiosis like changes in silicon dust exposed workers with the working age of ≥30 years and ≥50 years were the highest, and the detection rate increased with age of exposed workers. All the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）.[Conclusion] The occupational hazard of silicon dust is serious in Hebei Province, and the health of dust-exposed workers is not to be ignored. The enterprises should strengthen the prevention and control of silicon dust.

关 键 词：矽尘 尘肺样改变 重点职业病监测 矽肺病 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]