2012—2016年南宁市老年结核病流行特征与防治策略  

Epidemic characteristics and prevention of elderly tuberculosis in Nanning City from 2012-2016

作　　者：陆涛[1] 陈文才[1] LU Tao, CHEN Wen-cai(Basic Public Health Department, Nanning Center far Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning Guangxi, 530023, Chin)

机构地区：[1]南宁市疾病预防控制中心基本公共卫生科,广西南宁530023

出　　处：《职业与健康》2018年第3期352-355,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解2012—2016年南宁市老年结核病流行特征,为制定下一步防治策略提供科学依据。方法收集结核病管理信息系统报告数据,对2012—2016年南宁市≥65岁老年结核病患者资料流行特征进行统计学分析。结果 2012—2016年南宁市老年结核病报告病例共5 821例,占全市报告病例总数的23.73%,痰检涂阳病例占全部涂阳病例总数的21.82%;5年间全人群发病率和痰菌涂阳的递减率分别为11.98%和44.98%;老年人发病率和痰菌涂阳的递减率分别为9.67%和27.79%;老年结核占全人群发病率呈逐年上升趋势(χ~2=19.29,P<0.05);男女发病性别比为2.29∶1,男性发病人数明显多于女性;65~69岁至70~74岁年龄组4 954例,占63.24%,为主要发病年龄组;农民占71.0%,是主要发病人群;地区分布以兴宁区发病率最高,其次为江南区和西乡塘区。结论南宁市老年结核防治形势依然严峻,应针对重点人群和重点地区加大力度,充分整合现有基本公共卫生服务和医疗保险项目,做好筛查和治疗工作,提高老年结核发现率和治愈率。[Objective]To explore the epidemic characteristics of elderly tuberculosis in Nanning City from 2012-2016,provide scientific basis for the formulation of prevention and control strategies. [Methods] The data were collected from the tuberculosis management information system,to statistically analyze the epidemic characteristics of elderly tuberculosis patients over 65 years old in Nanning City from 2012-2016. [Results] Totally 5 821 elderly tuberculosis patients were reported in Nanning City from2012-2016,accounting for 23.73% of the total cases in the city,and the sputum smear-positive cases accounted for 21.82% of the total sputum smear-positive cases. The decreasing amplitude of incidence rate and sputum smear-positive rate in all population was 11.98% and 44.98% respectively,while that in elderly group was 9.67% and 27.79% respectively. The proportion of elderly tuberculosis cases to total cases increased gradually（χ~2=19.29,P〈0.05）. The male-to-female ratio was 2.29 ∶ 1, which the male cases were significantly more than female cases. 4 954 patients were in 65-69 and 70-74 year-old age groups,accounting for63.24%,which were the main age groups for tuberculosis. The famers were the main occupation group,accounting for 71.0%. The incidence rate in Xingning District was the highest,followed by Jiangnan District and Xixiangtang District. [Conclusion] The situation of the prevention and control of tuberculosis in the elderly in Nanning City is still grim. It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control in the high-risk population and key areas,fully integrate the existing basic public health services and medical insurance projects,improve the screening and treatment,and enhance the discovery rate and cure rate of elderly tuberculosis.

关 键 词：南宁市 老年结核病 流行特征 防治策略 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]