2015―2017年攀枝花市环境和职业暴露人群禽流感检测结果  

Detection results of avian influenza in environment and occupational exposed population in Panzhihua City from 2015-2017

作　　者：周霞[1] 吴万里[1] 胡澜怀[1] 李琴[1] ZHOU Xia, WU Wan-li, HU Lan-huai, LI Qin(Laboratory Department, Panzhihua Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Panzhihua Sichuan, 617000, Chin)

机构地区：[1]攀枝花市疾病预防控制中心检验科,四川攀枝花617000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2018年第3期391-394,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的分析攀枝花市外环境禽流感病毒分布情况与职业暴露人群感染情况,为禽流感防控提供科学依据。方法 2015年12月、2016年8月和2017年5月分别采集各种环境标本,用荧光定量PCR(Real-time PCR)检测禽流感A型,阳性者进一步检测H5、H7、H9亚型核酸;职业暴露人群血清标本采用马细胞血凝集抑制试验检测H5、H7、H9抗体。结果 343份环境标本检出核酸阳性63份,阳性率18.37%(其中H9占86.57%,H7占1.59%,H5占31.75%,H5+H9混合占26.57%,A未分型占9.52%)。不同场所和不同类型标本检测阳性率最高为活禽市场和宰杀或摆放禽肉案板表面,分别为20.07%和29.82%;冬春季高于夏季。职业暴露人群75份血清的H5、H7、H9抗体均为阴性。结论攀枝花市外环境中存在H5、H7与H9等多种亚型禽流感病毒,特别是活禽市场,有感染人的风险,需加强冬春季活禽市场监测并做好防控措施。[Objective] To analyze the distribution of avian influenza virus in environment of Panzhihua City, investigate the infection status among occupational exposed population, provide scientific basis for the prevention and controlling of avian influenza. [Methods] The environmental specimens were collected in December 2015, august 2016 and May 2017, and avian influenza A was tested by the Real-time PCR. The positive samples were further tested for subtypes of H5, H7 and H9. The serum samples were collected from occupational exposed individuals, and the antibodies against H5, H7 and H9 were detected by hemagglutination inhibition test. [Results] In 343 environment samples, there were 63 positive samples with the positive rate of 18.37%, which H9, H7, H5, H5 ＋H9 and undifferentiated type accounted for 86.57%, 1.59%, 31.75%, 26.57% and9.52%, respectively. For different places and specimen types, the positive rates of live poultry markets and chopping boards used for slaughter and displaying were the highest, which was 20.07% and 29.82% respectively. t was higher in winter and spring than in summer. All of 75 serum samples from occupational exposed individuals were negative for the antibodies against H5, H7 and H9. [Conclusion] The avian influenza virus, including subtypes of H5, H7 and H9, exist in the external environment of Panzhihua City, especially in live poultry markets, and there is the risk of human infection. It is necessary to take active measures to prevent and control human infection of avian influenza virus in winter and spring.

关 键 词：禽流感病毒 外环境标本 核酸检测 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]