公交司机肌肉骨骼疾患及其危险因素调查  

Survey on the occupational musculoskeletal disorder and its risk factors among bus drivers

作　　者：范琳波[1] 赖纯米[1] 朱克[2] 和秀云 李艳玲 FAN Lin-bo , LAI Chun-mi , ZHU Ke , HE Xiu-yun , LI Yan ling(1 Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500 Chin)

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学,云南昆明650500 [2]昆明市妇幼保健院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2018年第2期108-112,共5页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2015C033Y)

摘　　要：目的调查公交司机肌肉骨骼疾患现况及其危险因素。方法采用横断面研究设计和自填式问卷调查方法对昆明公交集团下属的3个车队公交司机进行整群调查,调查内容主要包括肌肉骨骼系统疾患、职业特征和职业性社会心理因素,采用两分类logistic回归分析探讨影响公交司机肌肉骨骼疾患的危险因素。结果公交司机肌肉骨骼疾患年患病率位于前2位的分别是腰部疼痛(62.6%)和颈部疼痛(62.2%)。两分类logistic回归分析中,控制了混杂因素,工作自主性是公交司机腰部疼痛的保护因素(OR=0.970,95%CI:0.941~0.999);工作生理性要求是公交司机腰部疼痛的危险因素(OR=1.212,95%CI:1.045~1.406)。轮班类型和工作自主性是公交司机颈部疼痛的保护因素,OR值分别是0.431(95%CI:0.249~0.748)和0.958(95%CI:0.928~0.989);工龄和每天平均工作时间是公交司机颈部疼痛的危险因素,OR值分别是1.035(95%CI:1.003~1.069)和1.198(95%CI:1.016~1.411)。结论公交司机的肌肉骨骼疾患与其职业特征和职业性社会心理因素有关。Objective To study the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders（WRMD）of bus drivers and explore its risk factors.Methods The cross-sectional study was used to investigate bus drivers in Kunming bus transport company by self-administered questionnaires, which included occupational characteristics,job content questionnaire and musculoskeletal disorder questionnaires.Binary Logistic regression was used to explore risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders.Results WRMD in these drivers was primarily located in waist and neck,annual prevalence were 62.6%and 62.2%respectively.Adjusted after confounder factors,logistic regression showed that job control（OR=0.970,95%CI：0.941-0.999）could decrease and job physical demand（OR=1.212,95%CI：1.045-1.406）could increase the annual prevalence of WRMD in the waist.Logistic regression also showed that shift work（OR=0.431,95%CI：0.249-0.748）and job control（OR =0.958,95%CI：0.928-0.989）could decrease the annual prevalence of WRMD in neck.On the other hand,results showed that working years（OR=1.035,95%CI：1.003-1.069）and duration of driving per day（OR =1.198,95%CI：1.016-1.411）could increase the annual prevalence of WRMD in neck.Conclusions WRMD of bus drivers is associated with their occupational characteristics and occupational psychosocial factors.

关 键 词：公交司机 肌肉骨骼疾患 危险因素 

分 类 号：R13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]