民航空中交通管制员听力状况的抽样调查研究  

Sampling study on auditory status of civil aviation air traffic controllers

作　　者：胡墨绳[1] 杨剑[2] 靳慧斌[3] 常银霞[3] 王雷[1] 杨秀云[1] 马峰杰[1] 秦彩虹[1] 白银[1] HU Mosheng1, YANG Jian2, JIN Huibins, CHANG Yinxia3, WANG Lei1, YANG Xiuyun1, MA Fengjie1, QIN Caihong1, BAI Yin1(1 Civil Aviation Medical Assessment Institute, 2 Aviation Medical Office, Civil Aviation Medicine Center, Civil Aviation Administration of China, Beijing, 100123, China; 3 Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, 300300, Chin)

机构地区：[1]中国民用航空局民用航空医学中心民用航空人员体检鉴定所,北京100123 [2]中国民用航空局民用航空医学中心航空卫生办公室,北京100123 [3]中国民航大学,天津300300

出　　处：《中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科》2018年第3期131-135,共5页Chinese Archives of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

基　　金：中国民航局安全能力建设专项资金项目(TMSA1434/1-2)

摘　　要：目的调查分析中国民航空中交通管制员(简称空管)人群的听力状况及特点。方法对本年度某地区参加Ⅲa级体检鉴定的空管共1498例行整群抽样。按性别分组,比较语频区听力损失、高频气导听阈及听力损失患病率;经年龄修正,原年龄组间针对不同频率做阈值比较。结果男、女性组语频区听力损失患病率分别为6.68%和1.97%,高频听力损失患病率分别为7.87%和1.23%;男性组各频率阈值及患病率均大于女性组(P<0.05);3000 Hz阈值<语频均值<6000 Hz阈值;经年龄修正,将上述阈值分别于年龄组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且大致呈低龄组大于高龄组的结果(男性组矫正P<0.0083,女性组矫正P<0.017)。结论受试人群听力损失患病率低于普通人群。男性易患且以6000 Hz听力损失为著,噪声性听力损失隐患在低龄组尤甚,个体化听力防护应及早实施。OBJECTIVE To investigate and analysis of hearing status and characteristics of China civil aviation air traffic controllers（ATC）. METHODS With cluster random sampling, air conduction threshold data of 1498 ATC, who had finished the class Ⅲa medical assessment this year in a certain area were studied. The subjects were tested by pure tone audiometry, the prevalence rate of speech and high frequency hearing loss between gender groups were compared; After age correction, the threshold of different frequencies were compared between age groups. RESULTS The prevalence rate of hearing loss at speech frequency was 6.68% in male and 1.97% in female. The result of high frequency was 7.87% and 1.23% respectively. Both the threshold and prevalence rate of hearing loss of every frequency were higher in male（P〈 0.05）; The threshold of 3000 Hz〈PTA〈6000 Hz; After agecor rection, all the threshold had statistical difference between the for merage groups（P 〈0.05） and the result of relatively young age group was worse than the elder.（Male： corrected P〈 0.0083, Female： corrected P〈 0.017）. CONCLUSION The prevalence of hearing loss in the subjects was lower than that in general population.Males were prone to it and more prevalent at 6000 Hz; The hidden trouble of noise-induced hearing loss is especially serious in the young age group; Individualized hearing protection should be implemented early.

关 键 词：测听法 听觉丧失 体格检查 合格鉴定 

分 类 号：R856.76[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]