2016年咸宁市农村中小学生健康状况调查  

Survey on health status among rural primary and middle school students in Xianning City in 2016

作　　者：廖晓兰[1] 梁丽娜[1] 邢杨 李远宁[1] 钟平[1] 陆剑波[1] LIAO Xiao-lan,LIANG Li-na,XING Yang,LI Yuan-ning,ZHONG Ping,LU Jian-bo(Chronic Disease Department,Xianning Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xianning,Hubei,437000, Chin)

机构地区：[1]咸宁市疾病预防控制中心慢病科,湖北咸宁437000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2018年第2期256-259,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：湖北省卫生计生科研基金资助项目(WJ2015MB234)

摘　　要：目的了解2016年咸宁市农村地区中小学生的健康状况,分析中小学生常见病的影响因素,摸索出符合咸宁市农村地区中小学生实际情况的健康管理模式。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法,对咸宁地区下辖6个县(市、区)农村中小学生(一至九年级)进行健康检查,采用t检验和χ2检验进行数据分析。结果共抽取2 831名学生,回收有效数据2 723份,其中男生1 394名,女生1 329名。男生平均身高为(145.3±13.3)cm、体重(39.0±10.7)kg、营养不良率7.8%、超重率23.1%及肥胖率7.6%,女生平均身高(143.6±13.5)cm,体重(36.7±9.8)kg、营养不良率6.2%、超重率20.9%及肥胖率7.3%。学生常见病的检出率为:龋齿28.0%、沙眼1.6%、视力低下39.6%和贫血6.6%,女性视力低下和龋齿的检出率高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论咸阳市农村学生的超重和肥胖现象日益严重,龋齿和视力低下的检出率居高不下,需要社会和学校加强健康知识的宣传教育,建立家庭-学校-学生三位一体的健康管理模式,共同促进儿童青少年的健康成长。[Objective]To understand the health status of rural primary and middle school students in Xianning City in 2016,analyze the influencing factors of common diseases among primary and middle school students,and find out the health management model in accordance with the actual situation of the primary and middle school students in the rural areas of Xianning City.[Methods] The cluster random sampling method was used to select the rural primary and middle school students（grade 1-9） in Xianning region including six counties,to perform the physical examination.T test and χ2 were used in the data analysis.[Results] Totally 2 831 students were investigated with 2 723 cases of valid data,including 1 394 boys and 1 329 girls.The average height in boys and girls was（145.3±13.3） cm and（143.6±13.5） cm respectively,the body weight was（39.0±10.7）kg and（36.7 ±9.8） kg respectively,the malnutrition rate was 7.8% and 6.2% respectively,the overweight rate was 23.1% and20.9% respectively,and the obesity rate was 7.6% and 7.3% respectively.The detection rate of dental caries,trachoma,nearsightedness and anemia was 28.0%,1.6%,39.6% and 6.6%,respectively.The detection rate of nearsightedness and dental caries in female students were significantly higher than those in males,and the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）.[Conclusion] The number of overweight and obese students has increased dramatically in rural areas of Xianning City,while the detection rates of dental caries and poor vision are still at a high level.Therefore,society and schools should further strengthen the publicity and education of health knowledge,establish a trinity health management model of family-school-student,and promote the healthy growth of children and adolescents.

关 键 词：农村 学生 健康状况 现况调查 健康管理 

分 类 号：R181.37[医药卫生—流行病学]