植茶品种对土壤动物群落结构的影响  

Effects of tea tree cultivar on community structure of soil fauna

作　　者：俞琳飞 李廷轩 王晟强 刘宣佑 余雪莲 YU Lin-fei1,2, LI Ting- xuan1 , WANG Sheng-qiang1, LIU Xuan-you1 , YU Xue-lian1(1College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China ; 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学资源学院,成都611130 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2018年第4期1220-1226,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40901138);四川省2012年度学术和技术带头人培养基金项目资助

摘　　要：土壤动物是重要的土壤环境生物学指标之一,研究不同植茶品种土壤动物群落结构的差异可为退耕植茶地优势植茶品种的选育提供科学依据。选取雅安市名山区中峰万亩生态茶园中4种主栽品种(福鼎大白茶、川茶3号、川沐217号、川农黄芽早)土壤为研究对象,采用手捡法、改良干漏斗法(modified Tullgren)和湿漏斗法(Baermann)分离0~15 cm土层中的土壤动物。结果表明:捕获茶园土壤动物分属5门10纲23目;在土壤动物个体密度上,福鼎大白茶显著高于其他植茶品种;线虫门为4种茶树的共有优势类群;川沐217号和川农黄芽早土壤动物的类群数显著高于福鼎大白茶和川茶3号;川茶3号土壤动物的Shannon指数和均匀度指数显著高于其他植茶品种;土壤动物丰富度指数与土壤有机碳、有效磷含量呈显著正相关,均匀度指数与速效钾含量呈显著负相关。可见,适当提高土壤中有机碳和有效磷含量可提高土壤动物的群落丰富度。Soil fauna is one of the significant biological indicators of soil environment. Understanding the differences of community structure of soil fauna under tea plantations of different cultivars can provide scientific basis for the selection of advantageous tea cultivars in the process of returning croplands to tea gardens. Soil samples from tea plantations with four major tea tree cultivars （Fuding Dabaicha, Chuancha No. 3, Chuanmu No. 217 and Chuannong Huangyazao） were collected from Zhongfeng Ecological Tea Garden in Mingshan Township, Yaan City, Sichuan Province. Soil fauna from 0-15 cm soil layer was extracted by three different methods： handsorting approach, modified Tullgren method, and Baermann’s method. Results showed that the soil fauna belonging to five groups, 10 classes, and 23 phyla were observed in the tea garden. The plantation of Fuding Dabaicha had significantly higher abundance of soil fauna, compared with other three tea cultivars. Nematoda were the dominant group in the plantations of all the four tea cultivars. There was higher richness of soil fauna groups in the plantations of Chuanmu No. 217 and Chuannong Huangyazao than those of Fuding Dabaicha and Chuancha No. 3. The Shannon index and Simpson evenness index of soil fauna in the plantations of Chuancha No. 3 were significantly higher than those of the other three tea cultivars. Soil fauna richness index was positively correlated with soil organic C and available P content, while Simpson evenness index was negatively correlated with available K. Therefore, enhancing soil organic C and available P contents would increase the richness of soil fauna community.

关 键 词：植茶品种 土壤动物 群落结构 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学] S571.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]