一种新型副镜调整机构的位姿误差分析与测试研究  

Research on Position-orientation Error Analysis and Test for a New-style Adjustment Mechanism of Secondary Mirror

作　　者：叶宇[1,2,3] 乐中宇 顾伯忠[1,2] YE Yu1,2,3 YUE Zhong-yu1,2,3 GU Bo-zhongl,2(1 Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics 84 Technology, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210092） （2 Key Laboratory of Astronomical Optics 8A Technology, Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics ~A Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210092） （3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所,南京210042 [2]中国科学院南京天文光学技术研究所天文光学技术重点实验室,南京210042 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《天文学报》2018年第2期60-72,共13页Acta Astronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11503060);中国科学院天文财政专项(2911C09700)资助

摘　　要：为了满足望远镜副镜结构定位精度的要求,提出了一种固定杆长杆端轴向平移运动模式的六杆机构.根据六杆机构的结构和运动模式,对影响末端位姿的各项误差进行了分析,重点讨论了滑块运动误差对六杆机构运行精度的影响,最后通过搭建多自由度位姿检测平台对六杆机构进行了测试.测试结果显示:该副镜六杆机构在整个运动行程范围内平移轴测试精度好于0.25μm,旋转轴测试精度好于0.2′′,两维旋转轴最大重复定位精度好于1.4′′,引起3维平移轴最大变化量<4μm,3维平移轴最大重复定位精度好于4.5μm,引起两维旋转轴最大变化量<3.4′′.分析和实验结果表明:导轨直线度引起的滑块运动误差是影响精度的主要因素,该六杆机构可以满足实际望远镜观测需要,可为我国建造大口径光学红外望远镜提供可靠的技术支持.In order to satisfy the structure positioning accuracy requirement of the telescope secondary mirror, an axial translational motion model for the fixed length rod end of hexapod is proposed. According to the structure and motion mode of the hexa- pod, the error sources of the end position-orientation are analyzed, and the influence of sliding block motion error on the operation accuracy of the hexapod is particularly dis- cussed. Finally, the hexapod is tested by building a multi-degree-of-freedom detection platform. The test results show that： in the range of the whole moving distance, for the secondary mirror hexapod, the testing accuracy of the translational axis is better than 0.25μm, accuracy of the rotation axis is better than 0.2″; the maximal repositioning accuracy of the two-dimensional rotation axis is better than 1.4″, and the maximal three-dimensional translational axis variation is less than 4μm; the maximal reposi- tioning accuracy of the three-dimensional translational axis is better than 4.5 μm, and the maximal two-dimensional axis variation is less than 3.4″. The design analysis and experiment results have showed that the movement error of sliding block caused by the straightness of the rail is the main factor affecting the accuracies. The hexapod can satisfy the needs of actual telescope observations, and it also can provide reliable technical support to build large diameter optical infrared telescope for our country.

关 键 词：精密仪器 望远镜 副镜 方法 数据分析 

分 类 号：P111[天文地球—天文学]