典型非金属材料的动静态应力-应变曲线测量  

On the measurement of dynamic and static stress-strain curves of typical non-metallic materials

作　　者：黄亚烽[1] 沈珉[1] 孟宪明[2] HUANG Ya-feng1 , SHEN Min1, MENG Xian-ming2(1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China ; 2. China Automotive Technology ＆ Research Center, Tianjin 300300, Chin)

机构地区：[1]天津大学机械工程学院力学系,天津300072 [2]中国汽车技术研究中心,天津300300

出　　处：《实验力学》2018年第1期8-16,共9页Journal of Experimental Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(10972155,11572218,81670884)资助

摘　　要：为测试聚碳酸酯（PC）和聚甲醛（POM）两种工程材料在中、低应变率下的动静态拉伸力学性能,本文采用液压伺服加载设备结合数字图像相关方法（DIC）进行了试验研究,测量得到了动静态应力-应变曲线。结果表明,PC材料断裂应力具有较强的应变率敏感性,适用于吸能构件;POM材料断裂应力应变均具有较强的应变率敏感性,适用于结构性构件。结合微观结构图像,分析其拉伸过程中细微观结构变化,为典型粘弹塑性材料（PC）和脆性材料（POM）宏观力学行为提供了微观解释。本文试验曲线为这类材料结构的数值仿真分析提供了试验数据。In order to measure dynamic and static tensile mechanical properties at low and medium strain rates of two kinds of engineering materials, including polycarbonate（PC） and Polyoxymethylene（POM）,experimental study was carried out by using hydraulic servo loading equipment and digital image correlation method（DIC）,and dynamic and static stress-strain curves were measured respectively.Results show that the fracture stress of PC material has a strong sensitivity to strain rate,which is suitable for application as energy absorbing component;both fracture stress and strain of POM materials are sensitive to strain rate,which is suitable for application as structural member.Combining with microstructure images,the microstructure change during tensile process was analyzed.It provides a microscopic explanation for macroscopic mechanical behavior of typical viscoelastic plastic materials（PC）and brittle materials（POM）.The experimental curves presented in this paper may provide experimental data for numerical simulation of these kinds of materials.

关 键 词：非金属材料 动态拉伸力学性能 微观结构 破坏特征 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]