高速机械开关单元多场耦合仿真优化设计  

Multi-Field Coupling Simulation Optimization of High-Speed Mechanical Switch Unit

作　　者：田阳 田宇[2] 李志兵 董恩源[2] 刘北阳 徐晓东 TIAN Yang1, TIAN Yu2, LI Zhibing1, DONG Enyuan2, LIU Beiyang1, XU Xiaodong1(1. China Electric Power Research Institute, Haidian District, Beijing 100192, China; 2. School of Electrical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalianl 16024, Liaoning Province, Chin)

机构地区：[1]中国电力科学研究院有限公司,北京市海淀区100192 [2]大连理工大学电气工程学院,辽宁省大连市116024

出　　处：《电网技术》2018年第4期1273-1280,共8页Power System Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51277019);国家电网公司总部科技项目“±500 kV/3000 A直流断路器关键技术研究及设备研制”(GY71-15-078)~~

摘　　要：我国正在建设张北±500 kV柔性直流电网示范工程,混合式高压直流断路器是其关键控制和保护设备。快速机械开关单元是混合式直流断路器的关键部件,采用电磁操动机构,机械动作过程涉及电磁场、热场和机械位移场,需要进行多场耦合仿真优化设计。该文开展高速机械开关单元多场耦合仿真优化设计。首先,设计一种基于双线圈推金属盘驱动与双稳态弹簧保持操动机构的高速机械开关单元结构。然后,针对高速机械开关单元动作过程,提出一种能全面反映机构运动、触头碰撞和线圈温升情况的电磁场、热场和运动场多场耦合计算方法。最后,进行高速机械开关单元多场耦合仿真优化设计。初步确定高速机械开关性能提升关键因素,重点分析不同斥力线圈匝数对分闸时间、线圈允许温升及分闸反弹等关键技术指标影响,最终确定高速机械开关各项最优技术参数。仿真结果表明,该文设计高速机械开关单元能在1.8 ms内分闸到达额定绝缘开距,满足技术要求。该文的优化设计为混合式直流断路器快速机械开关优化设计提供理论指导,对于其他快速机械开关设计也有重要参考价值。A pilot project of ±500 kV flexible DC power grid is built in China, with hybrid HV circuit-breaker as its key control and protection equipment. Fast mechanical switch unit is the key component for hybrid DC circuit breaker, adopting electromagnetic actuator. Electromagnetic fields, thermal fields and mechanical fields are involved in mechanical action process, so it is needed to carry on multi-field coupling simulation optimization design. Firstly, structure of high speed mechanical switch unit was designed, based on double coil for pushing metal disk and bitable spring holding mechanism. Then, multi-field coupling method was proposed to fully reflect mechanism motion, contact collision and coil temperature rise for the high-speed mechanical switch unit. Finally, multi-field coupling simulation optimization design was carried out for the switch unit. Key factors for performance improvement were preliminarily determined. Influence of different repulsion coil turns on opening time, coil temperature rise and opening bounce was analyzed. Optimal technical parameters were determined. Simulation results show that the high-speed mechanical switch unit can reach rated opening insulation clearance within 1.8 ms. In this paper, the optimal design provides theoretical guidance for fast mechanical switch and important reference for fast mechanical switch design with other structures.

关 键 词：直流断路器 高速机械开关 斥力机构 多场耦合 分闸反弹 

分 类 号：TM721[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]