雷电下转动风机叶片接闪特性模拟试验研究  

Experimental Study on Lightning Discharge Characteristic of Wind Turbine’s Rotating Blades

作　　者：蓝磊[1] 姒天军 王羽[1] 屈路 徐剑伟[1] 文习山[1] LAN Lei1, SI Tianjun1, WANG Yul, QU Lu2, XU Jianwei1, WEN Xishan1(1 .School of Electrical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, China; 2. Electric Power Research Institute of China Southern Power Grid, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, Chin)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学电气工程学院,湖北省武汉市430072 [2]南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司,广东省广州市510080

出　　处：《电网技术》2018年第4期1328-1334,共7页Power System Technology

基　　金：国家电网公司2015年总部科技项目(SGTYHT/14-JS-188)~~

摘　　要：风力发电机在遭受雷击时叶片一般处于转动状态,而叶片转动对其雷击接闪特性的影响尚不明确。为探究转动风机的叶片雷击接闪特性,设计了可控转速的1：30缩比2 MW风机模型与适合试验的弧面电极,采用标准负极性操作波,制作了2种类型的叶尖接闪器,开展了1 m间隙时不同转速下的大量接闪试验。试验结果表明,在1 m间隙下,无论叶尖是接闪帽还是接闪盘配置,间隙击穿电压均随着转速的提升而升高,而风机静止时击穿电压会随接闪叶片角度增大而升高。分析认为,叶片旋转会导致叶尖区域积聚的正离子浓度降低,抑制了上行先导的发展,从而提升了击穿电压。根据试验结果推断,在此工况下风机旋转会降低其引雷能力。试验结果对风机的防雷设计具有参考意义。When wind turbine is struck by lightning, its blades are generally in rotating state, and influence of blade rotation on lightning discharge characteristics is not clear yet. In order to explore lightning discharge characteristics of rotating wind turbine blades, a 1：30 miniature 2 MW wind turbine model, including speed regulation system and an arching surface electrode, was designed in this paper, and two types of air terminals in blade tip were fabricated, then numerous 1 m gap discharge experiments in different blade rotation speed were carried out with negative standard switching impulses applied. Experimental results showed that under condition of 1 m air gap, breakdown voltage raised with rotating speed increase, and breakdown voltage of stationary wind turbine raised as angle of the discharge blade increases, whatever the air terminal in blade tip was a receptor or a cap. It is analyzed that blade rotation leads to decrease of positive ion density in region near blade tip, promoting development of upward leader, thus lifting breakdown voltage. It was inferred that wind turbine rotation reduced its triggering lightning ability under this condition. The results provide reference for lightning protection design of wind turbine.

关 键 词：转动风机 接闪器 缩比试验 接闪特性 间隙放电 

分 类 号：TM865[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]