近代中国真菌学的发轫之作——中国学者发表的最早的两篇关于真菌的科学研究论文考述  

Pioneering Publications on Chinese Mycology in Modern Times:A Study of the Two Earliest Two Scientific Research Articles on Fungi Published by Chinese

作　　者：芦笛[1] LU Di(Institute for Advanced Study in History of Science, Northwest University, Xi＇an, Shannxi, 71012)

机构地区：[1]西北大学科学史高等研究院,陕西西安710127

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2018年第4期67-73,共7页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

摘　　要：王焕文和吴冰心分别在1909和1914年发表的关于茯苓和白木耳(银耳)的论文是近代中国学者发表的最早的两篇科学研究真菌的论文,这对于完善中国近代真菌科学史的早期面貌而言具有重要意义。然而,王焕文的论文长期未能得到真菌学史家的关注,吴冰心的生平活动及其论文的具体内容亦乏梳理与分析。通过将论文的内容置于两者的学术活动背景中考察,可见两者的相关研究都受到了个人科学兴趣和中国本土物产历史文化的双重影响。王焕文的论文之所以受到真菌学史界的忽视,主要是由于学科视野的局限,以及对外文资料和域外文献的关注不够。宏观地看,王、吴两者的研究也是近代科学与中国本土社会的物质生活相结合的两个实例。Wang Huanwen and Wu Bingxin published two articles about Poria and White Fungus （snow fungus） in 1909 and 1914 respectively. The articles presented two earliest scientific studies of fungi carded out by modem Chinese scholars, which are of great significance to improving our acquaintance with the early stage of Chinese scientific research on fungi in modem times. However, Wang＇s article has received no attention from historians of Chinese mycology, while Wu＇s life and article have not been examined and analyzed yet. Through investigating the two articles against the background of the authors＇ academic activities, it is clear that their studies of fungi were influenced by both personal scientific interests and the indigenous history and culture of products. The reason why Wang＇s article has been neglected by historians of Chinese mycology mainly lies in a lack of interdisciplinary horizons and insufficient attention to sources published in foreign languages and countries. In a broad sense, Wang and Wu＇s studies were also two examples of integration of modem science and indigenous material life in the Chinese society.

关 键 词：真菌 茯苓 白木耳 银耳 近代 

分 类 号：N0[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]