用mtDNA控制区序列鉴定长须鲸标本  

Identification of a Balaenoptera physalus Specimen by Using Mitochondrial DNA Sequences

作　　者：朱小静 何鑫 向余劲攻 宋晨薇 单鹍 刘文亮[1,3] ZHU Xiao-Jing1 HE Xin2 XIANGYU Jing-Gong1,3 SONG Chen-Wei1 SHAN Kun2 LIU Wen-Liang1,3(1 Yangtze River Delta Estuary Wetland Station, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241;2 Natural History Research Center Shanghai Natural History Museum, Branch of Shanghai Science ＆ Technology Museum, Shanghai 200041 3 Institute of Eeo-Chongming （IEC）, Shanghai 200062, China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院,上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室,长江口湿地生态系统野外监测研究站,上海200241 [2]上海科技馆分馆上海自然博物馆自然史研究中心,上海200041 [3]崇明生态研究院,上海200062

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2018年第2期234-242,共9页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：河口海岸学国家重点实验室科研业务费(No.SKLEC-2017TASK07);

摘　　要：测定了采自长江口和杭州湾交汇海域的一头死亡大型须鲸骨骼标本的线粒体DNA(mt DNA)控制区序列(Control region)976 bp(登录号MF781125)、细胞色素C氧化酶Ⅰ基因(COⅠ)序列642 bp(登录号MG010134)和Cyt b序列307 bp(登录号MG010133)。通过与Gen Bank已发表的同源序列blast结果表明,与美国加利福尼亚海域长须鲸(Balaenoptera physalus)的控制区序列相似度达99%,仅在756 bp处有一个碱基T和C转换的差异;基于HKG+G模型,使用UPGMA聚类分析法和最大似然法(ML)构建的系统发育树与blast结果一致,故将标本鉴定为长须鲸,推测该个体来源于北太平洋。获取的细胞色素C氧化酶Ⅰ和Cyt b序列存在多个终止密码子,无法获取同源性较高的序列,推断可能为线粒体假基因。In order to identify a decayed large body of Baleen whale, found at the converging area of Yangtze Estuary and Hangzhou Bay, three regions of mtDNA （control region, cytochrome c oxidase subunitⅠ, COⅠ and cytochrome b, Cyt b） were sequenced. The sequencing results showed that the control region was 976 bp （GenBank accession： MF781125）, COⅠ was 642 bp （MG010134） and Cyt b was 307 bp （MG010133）. UPGMA and ML gene trees of the control region based on HKG ＋ G model of 17 Baleen whales suggested that the body was among individuals in branch of Balaenoptera physalus （Fig. 4 and Fig. 5）. Only a C/T transition in the control region was found between decay body and two B. physalus samples （KC572816 and KC572776） from coastal zone of California, America. The COⅠ and Cyt b sequences contained several termination codons, and the blasting results in GenBank verified that sequences of high homology were not available. The results unequivocally identified the body as B. physalus and its geographical origin was the North Pacific. Moreover, COⅠ and Cyt b in the body could be nuclear mitochondrial pseudogenes.

关 键 词：MTDNA 长须鲸 鉴定 线粒体假基因 

分 类 号：Q959[生物学—动物学]