普氏原羚与藏羚羊消化系统解剖特征  

Anatomical Characteristics of Digestive System in Przewalski′s Gazelle(Procapra przewalskii) and Tibetan Antelope(Pantholops hodgsonii)

作　　者：刘传发 李文靖[1] 肖洒 贺建忠[1] 陈晓澄[1] LIU Chuan-Fa1,2 LI Wen-Jing1 XIAO Sa1 HE Jian-Zhong1 CHEN Xiao-Cheng1(1Qinghai Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomies, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining 810008; 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, Chin)

机构地区：[1]青海省动物生态基因组学重点实验室,中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,西宁810008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2018年第2期264-269,共6页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：青海省应用基础研究项目(No.2017-ZJ-714),国家科技基础条件平台工作重点项目(No.2005DKA21402);

摘　　要：普氏原羚(Procapra przewalskii)和藏羚羊(Pantholops hodgsonii)均为我国Ⅰ级保护野生动物,两者的消化系统结构一直未被报道。本研究对野外死亡的6只普氏原羚和2只藏羚羊进行了大体解剖,对二者消化系统进行描述。其消化系统均由口腔、食道、瘤胃、网胃、瓣胃、皱胃、十二指肠、空肠、回肠、盲肠、结肠、直肠组成。普氏原羚和藏羚羊的胃属于复胃,瘤胃体积最大。本文将普氏原羚和藏羚羊的消化系统解剖结构特征与牦牛(Bos grunniens)、蒙古绵羊(Ovis aries)、林麝(Moschus berezovskii)、欧拉型藏绵羊(O.aries)、黑麂(Muntiacus crinifrons)、四川梅花鹿(Cervus nippon sichuanicus)以及长颈鹿(Giraffa camelopardalis)等反刍动物进行了比较和分析,发现了其适应生活环境的消化系统特征。Przewalski′s Gazelle （Procapra przewalskii） and Tibetan Antelope （Pantholops hodgsonii） are the first-class protected animals in China, but the digestive system structure of these two species has not been reported. We anatomized 6 Przewalski′s Gazelles and 2 Tibetan Antelopes which were dead in the wild and described their digestive systems in details. We measured the length of alimentary tract and volume of the stomach （Table 1） and analyzed percentages of various segments of the intestine of gazelles （or antelopes）. The schematic diagrams of the digestive system （Fig. 1 and 2） were drawn by CorelDraw X6. Rumen of Przewalski′s gazelle occupied a large proportion of total stomach volume, and the average value was 96.05%, with 79.25% and 66.67% respectively in adult and young Tibetan Antelopes. The length of small intestine accounted for 68.42% of total length of the intestine in young Przewalski′s Gazelle and 66.48% in adult Przewalski′s Gazelle; the percentages in young and adult Tibetan Antelopes were 74.67% and 83.52% respectively. Descriptions of antelopes′ digestive system have provided basic data for further understanding and deep study of the environmental adaption of digestive system in Przewalski′s Gazelle and Tibetan Antelope.

关 键 词：普氏原羚 藏羚羊 消化系统 解剖 

分 类 号：Q954.5[生物学—动物学]