中国《刑法》中的环境犯罪:梳理、评价与展望  

Environmental Crimes in Chinese Criminal Law:Carding,Evaluation and Prospect

作　　者：付立庆[1] Fu Liqing

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学刑事法律科学研究中心,北京100872

出　　处：《法学杂志》2018年第4期54-62,共9页Law Science Magazine

基　　金：笔者主持的2015年度教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"刑法调控范围的界定和积极主义刑法观的展开"(项目编号:15JJD820012)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：经过刑法修正案的几次修正,中国《刑法》对环境犯罪的法律规制逐渐形成了基本格局,并从严密法网和降低结果要求两个维度体现出了强调环境保护自身价值的明显倾向。但总体上说,人本主义的刑法本身仍值得坚持,而填充侵犯环境犯罪作为独立一章则需要慎重。降低环境犯罪的结果要求不等于规定了行为犯,而过失危险犯立法的主张不如所谓复合罪过立法,严格责任立法则实无必要。中国环境刑法的进一步完善,远景规划是追求立法双轨制、在行政法规中制定罪刑罚则,乃至在条件成熟时制定《危害环境犯罪法》。而就当下来说,更容易实现的目标是,进一步严密环境犯罪的法网范围,同时,完善相应的刑事制裁体系,以便更为有效地应对各种环境犯罪行为。Through several amendments to the criminal law,China＇s criminal law has gradually established a basic pattern on the legal regulation of environmental crimes,embodying the obvious tendency to emphasize the own value of environmental protection from the two dimensions of tightening the net of justice and reduction of the demand for results. Generally speaking,however,the humanistic criminal law itself is still worth sticking to,and filling the invasion of environmental crime as an independent chapter requires caution. Reducing the requirement of result in environmental crimes does not necessarily mean that they are regulated as behavioral offense,and the proposition of legislating negligent potential damage offenses is inferior to the legislation of so-called compound guilt crimes,where legislation on strict liability is actually unnecessary.The further improvement of China＇s environmental criminal law,the long-range plan is to pursue a dual-track legislation system,establishing penalties for crimes in administrative regulations,and even form ＂Environmental crime act＂when the conditions are ripe. Nevertheless,as far as the current situation is concerned,the goal that is easier to achieve is to further tighten the scope of the legal network of environmental crimes and,at the same time,improve the corresponding criminal sanction system in order to respond more effectively to environmental crimes.

关 键 词：人本主义 双轨制 复合罪过立法 严密法网 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]