青岛大气降水中微量元素的浓度及溶解度  

Concentrations and Solubility of Trace Elements in Atmospheric Precipitation in Qingdao

作　　者：李茜 石金辉[1,2] 李鹏志[1] 姚小红[1,2] 高会旺[1,2] LI Qian1, SHI Jin-hu1 , LI Peng-zhi1 , YAO Xiao-hong1,2 , GAO Hui-wang1,2(1. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, Chin)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,青岛266100

出　　处：《环境科学》2018年第4期1520-1526,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41210008);国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2014CB953702)

摘　　要：利用2016年6月~2017年5月在青岛采集的35个降水样品,分析其中8种微量元素的总态和溶解态浓度,讨论了大气降水中微量元素的浓度及其溶解度的变化特征,并探讨了影响大气降水中微量元素溶解度的因素.结果表明,青岛降水中微量元素的总态浓度以Al和Fe的最高,其次是Zn、Mn、Ba、Pb、Sr、V的较低;溶解态浓度以Zn的最高,其次是Al、Mn、Fe、Ba、Sr、Pb和V的较低;溶解度以地壳元素Al和Fe的最低,为5%左右,受到人为源影响的元素溶解度相对较高,Pb和Ba的为10%~40%,Mn和Sr的为20%~60%,Zn和V溶解度最高,平均约为55%.季节变化显示不同元素总态和溶解态浓度基本呈现冬、春季明显高于夏、秋季,溶解度基本表现为春季最高.持续降雨的前后期微量元素的总态和溶解态浓度均呈现明显降低,但溶解度的变化趋势在不同降雨过程中不一致,pH变化是控制降水中微量元素溶解度的主要因子.Thirty-five atmospheric precipitation samples were collected at an urban site in Qingdao from June 2016 to May 2017. The total and soluble concentrations of eight trace elements in the samples were determined, and the variable characteristics of the concentrations and solubility of trace elements, as well as the factors affecting the solubility of trace elements in atmospheric precipitation, have been discussed. Based on the overall data, the total concentrations of the trace elements were found to be in the order A1 〉 Fe 〉 Zn 〉 Mn 〉 Ba 〉 Pb 〉 Sr 〉 V, but the soluble concentrations of the trace elements were in the order Zn 〉 A1 〉 Mn 〉 Fe 〉 Ba 〉 Sr 〉 Pb 〉 V. Solubility was about 5% for the crustal elements A1 and Fe, and the solubility of the elements affected by anthropogenic sources was relatively higher, 10% -40% for Pb and Ba, 20% -60% for Mn and Sr, and nearly 55% for Zn and V. The total and soluble concentrations of the trace elements were higher in winter and spring than in summer and autumn, but element solubility in spring was the highest. During continuous rainfall, the total concentrations of trace elements in precipitation decreased appreciably, but the variation trend of the solubility of trace elements was not consistent during the different rainfall processes. The variation in pH was the main factor controlling the solubility of trace elements in precipitation.

关 键 词：大气降水 微量元素 溶解度 PH 青岛 气溶胶 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]