漓江段地表水体旱季硝酸盐动态变化特征及其来源  

Dynamic Variations and Sources of Nitrate During Dry Season in the Lijiang River

作　　者：苗迎[1] 章程[1] 肖琼[1] 赵海娟[1,2] 李成习 MIAO Ying1, ZHANG Cheng1 , XIAO Qiong1, ZHAO Hai-juan1,2, LI Cheng-xi3(1. Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Land and Resources ＆ Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China; 2. Chongqing Key Laboratory of Karst Environment, School of Geographical Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; 3. Geological Exploration Institute of Shandong Zhengyuan, China Metallurgical Geology Bureau, Ji＇nan 250101, Chin)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所国土资源部/广西壮族自治区岩溶动力学重点实验室,桂林541004 [2]西南大学地理科学学院岩溶环境重庆市重点实验室,重庆400715 [3]中国冶金地质总局山东正元地质勘查院,济南250101

出　　处：《环境科学》2018年第4期1589-1597,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：中国地质科学院基本科研业务费项目(YYWF201639);中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所基本科研业务费项目(2015007;2014022);中南半岛5国水文与环境地质合作编图(DD20160111);广西自然科学基金项目(2016GXNSFAA380064);重庆市自然科学基金项目(CSTC2016JCYJYS0003)

摘　　要：2016年9月28日至12月28日期间对漓江段13个断面地表水进行取样,取样频率为半月1次,分析硝酸盐在旱季期间漓江段的时空变化特征,并利用^(15)N和^(18)O同位素技术分析漓江段硝酸盐的来源.结果表明:(1)漓江水体中硝酸盐浓度范围为0.46~18.48 mg·L^(-1),平均值为6.18 mg·L^(-1),对比中国《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)中规定的硝酸盐浓度(10mg·L^(-1)),旱季漓江水体中硝酸盐污染程度处于较低水平.(2)9~12月期间漓江各断面处硝酸盐浓度呈现缓慢递增趋势,主要受旱季降雨量、径流量及人类活动强度而变化;硝酸盐浓度自漓江上游至下游表现出"增-减-增"的变化趋势,主要是污染物逐段汇入且汇入量不断增加的结果.(3)旱季漓江水体中硝酸盐的主要来源为土壤有机氮、人畜粪便和污水排放的混合源,主要来源于居民生活污水、人畜粪便等.(4)为了更好地保护漓江水质,建议加大城市排污管网的建设、修建小型污水处理设施、提高污水处理率及污水排放标准,加强旅游环境管理和环境保护宣传,提高游客环境保护意识.Dynamic variations and sources of nitrate during dry season in the Lijiang River were analyzed using the nitrate concentrations and ^15N and ^18O isotope techniques,from the samples obtained from 13 sections in the Lijiang River from September 28,2016 to December 28,2016. Results show that the nitrate concentrations range from 0. 46 to 18. 48 mg·L^-1,with an average of 6. 18 mg·L^-1,and that the nitrate levels are low during the dry season. Nitrate concentrations in the Lijiang River increase slowly from September to December,mainly being influenced by rainfall,runoff,and human activity. Nitrate concentrations in the Lijiang River from upstream to downstream show a trend of ＂increase-decrease-increase. ＂Nitrate in the Lijiang River during the dry season mainly originates from organic nitrogen in soil,human and animal feces,sewage（ largely living sewage）,human and animal waste,and tourism. In order to better protect the water quality of the Lijiang River,the urban sewage pipe network must be expanded,in addition to building small sewage treatment facilities and strengthening tourism management and environmental awareness.

关 键 词：漓江 15N同位素 18O同位素 硝酸盐 动态变化 来源 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]